遼(liao)西(xi)北(bei)地(di)(di)區(qu)資源(yuan)型缺(que)(que)水(shui)(shui)(shui)嚴重,是“十年(nian)九(jiu)旱”,嚴重影響了糧食生(sheng)產安全(quan)和新農(nong)村建設(she)進程(cheng),導致區(qu)域(yu)(yu)近(jin)四百萬人口飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)安全(quan)得不到保(bao)障(zhang)。為(wei)了徹底解決遼(liao)西(xi)北(bei)地(di)(di)區(qu)嚴重缺(que)(que)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀況(kuang),省委、省政府實(shi)施(shi)了“遼(liao)西(xi)調水(shui)(shui)(shui)”工(gong)程(cheng)。該工(gong)程(cheng)經(jing)過約400 公里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遠程(cheng)輸(shu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)程(cheng),將源(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)輸(shu)送(song)到白(bai)(bai)石(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku),再分送(song)到朝(chao)陽、阜(fu)新、鐵嶺、錦州、葫蘆島等地(di)(di)使用,有力地(di)(di)配(pei)合遼(liao)寧省的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“突破遼(liao)西(xi)北(bei)”戰略。“遼(liao)西(xi)調水(shui)(shui)(shui)”工(gong)程(cheng)完工(gong)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)后,白(bai)(bai)石(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰略地(di)(di)位(wei)愈加提高。保(bao)證白(bai)(bai)石(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)量成(cheng)為(wei)刻不容緩(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政治任務。作為(wei)直接流入(ru)白(bai)(bai)石(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)涼水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he),流域(yu)(yu)面(mian)積廣(guang),沿(yan)岸居住人口多,工(gong)礦企業規模大(da),水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)與(yu)生(sheng)態安全(quan)受到較大(da)威脅,成(cheng)為(wei)保(bao)障(zhang)白(bai)(bai)石(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)與(yu)生(sheng)態安全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要控制目標。加強涼水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)濕(shi)地(di)(di)生(sheng)態環(huan)境治理與(yu)保(bao)護(hu),符合區(qu)域(yu)(yu)廣(guang)大(da)人民群(qun)眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根本利益(yi)。同時涼水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)濕(shi)地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)與(yu)設(she)也將全(quan)面(mian)提升(sheng)濕(shi)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)態景觀,創造起城鄉(xiang)宜(yi)居環(huan)境,在提升(sheng)北(bei)票(piao)市城市整體(ti)形象的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時,滿足了城鄉(xiang)居民日益(yi)增長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精神(shen)、文化(hua)生(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)。
涼水河濕地(di)(di)是遼西重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)水源地(di)(di)白(bai)石水庫上游入庫主要(yao)(yao)河流之一。濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園建成后,生態(tai)多(duo)樣性(xing)將日(ri)趨豐富,濕地(di)(di)野生動植物種(zhong)群數量(liang)、分布得以發展,特(te)別是濕地(di)(di)鳥類資源種(zhong)類將增加。人們(men)在享受(shou)自(zi)然、感受(shou)自(zi)然的(de)同(tong)時(shi),將提高生態(tai)知(zhi)識、生態(tai)倫理、生態(tai)審(shen)美等修為。濕地(di)(di)文化所特(te)有生態(tai)文化價值,對推動城市生態(tai)文化建設將具有重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)意義。
涼水河濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)包含了河流濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、沼澤濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、人工濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)3大濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)類4個濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)型(xing),人工栽培和天然發育有(you)(you)蘆葦、千屈菜、莎(sha)草、蓼(liao)、狐尾(wei)藻等典型(xing)的(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)植被,是國家重(zhong)(zhong)點保護野生動物(wu)東(dong)方(fang)白(bai)鸛等野生動物(wu)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要棲(qi)息地(di)(di)(di)(di)以及候鳥遷(qian)徙(xi)停歇地(di)(di)(di)(di),生態(tai)多樣性較為豐富(fu),濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)生態(tai)特征明顯(xian),在遼(liao)寧西部河流濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)具(ju)有(you)(you)典型(xing)性和代表性。
涼(liang)水(shui)河(he)濕(shi)地(di)(di)生(sheng)物多(duo)樣性較(jiao)為豐(feng)富,許多(duo)具(ju)有(you)重要的科研、經濟(ji)價(jia)值。在(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)物方(fang)面,具(ju)有(you)經濟(ji)價(jia)值的植(zhi)(zhi)物種類繁多(duo),其中(zhong)藥用植(zhi)(zhi)物有(you)澤瀉、問(wen)荊、蒲公英、車(che)前草等(deng);鞣(rou)料(liao)植(zhi)(zhi)物有(you)委陵菜(cai)、酸模、地(di)(di)榆等(deng);纖(xian)維植(zhi)(zhi)物有(you)蘆(lu)葦、香蒲、藨草等(deng);濕(shi)地(di)(di)蔬菜(cai)植(zhi)(zhi)物有(you)馬(ma)齒莧、苣荬菜(cai)、菰等(deng);濕(shi)地(di)(di)飼料(liao)植(zhi)(zhi)物有(you)苔草、莎草、白(bai)羊草、蓼草等(deng)。在(zai)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)物方(fang)面,列為國家(jia)重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護的野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)物有(you)東(dong)方(fang)白(bai)鸛(guan)等(deng)3種。保(bao)(bao)護與建(jian)設涼(liang)水(shui)河(he)濕(shi)地(di)(di),對保(bao)(bao)護濕(shi)地(di)(di)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物資源將發(fa)揮重要作用。
省濕(shi)(shi)地(di)保護中心、省規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)院多(duo)次受到北票市凌河(he)保護管理局和(he)林業主管部門邀(yao)請(qing),來到涼水河(he)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)考察,為濕(shi)(shi)地(di)保護與建設出謀劃(hua)(hua)策(ce)。
北票涼水河濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)(hu)與建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)作以(yi)科學(xue)發展(zhan)觀(guan)統領濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)全(quan)局,以(yi)國(guo)家(jia)關(guan)于濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)(hu)、合理(li)利用、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態旅(lv)游等(deng)法律法規(gui)為(wei)依據(ju),認(ren)真貫徹執行濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)“保護(hu)(hu)優先、科學(xue)恢復(fu)、合理(li)利用、持續發展(zhan)”的(de)總(zong)方針(zhen),充分(fen)發揮濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)維(wei)(wei)持生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物多樣性、凈化(hua)水質、調節氣候、防洪抗旱(han)、游憩休閑(xian)等(deng)多種(zhong)功能,采取適度人(ren)工(gong)干預,保護(hu)(hu)和(he)修復(fu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系統、維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態過(guo)程,較大限(xian)度地(di)(di)(di)(di)保留原(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態特征和(he)自(zi)然(ran)風貌,充分(fen)挖(wa)掘和(he)發揮濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園自(zi)然(ran)資源(yuan)和(he)人(ren)文資源(yuan)利用價值,使(shi)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園成為(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)眾認(ren)識濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、了解濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、提高公(gong)(gong)(gong)眾生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態意(yi)識的(de)教(jiao)育基地(di)(di)(di)(di)。通過(guo)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she),促進(jin)區域經(jing)濟(ji)、社會(hui)和(he)環境(jing)的(de)可持續發展(zhan),實現人(ren)與自(zi)然(ran)和(he)諧(xie)共(gong)存。