榆(yu)(yu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)即榆(yu)(yu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)古縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),也叫子(zi)母(mu)(mu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),由(you)北(bei)部的(de)(de)縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和南(nan)部的(de)(de)郭(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)兩(liang)部分組成,縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),郭(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)子(zi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。母(mu)(mu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與子(zi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)連(lian)構成了(le)酷似鯉魚(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)榆(yu)(yu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),頭南(nan)尾北(bei),母(mu)(mu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)魚(yu)(yu)腹,子(zi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)魚(yu)(yu)頭,南(nan)、北(bei)大(da)街(jie)(jie)為(wei)(wei)魚(yu)(yu)脊,東、西(xi)兩(liang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門為(wei)(wei)魚(yu)(yu)側(ce)鰭(qi),位(wei)于南(nan)關中(zhong)(zhong)央的(de)(de)清(qing)虛閣為(wei)(wei)背(bei)鰭(qi)。老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以市樓所在(zai)位(wei)置為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin),東、西(xi)、南(nan)、北(bei)四(si)條(tiao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市主干道交會于此。東大(da)街(jie)(jie)有城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍廟(miao)、縣衙,是榆(yu)(yu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)政治中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin);西(xi)大(da)街(jie)(jie)有文廟(miao)、鳳鳴(ming)書(shu)院,為(wei)(wei)文化(hua)教(jiao)育中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin);北(bei)大(da)街(jie)(jie)、南(nan)大(da)街(jie)(jie)和閣北(bei)街(jie)(jie)為(wei)(wei)商業(ye)街(jie)(jie)市,即老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)商業(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)。榆(yu)(yu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)還保留了(le)許(xu)多小街(jie)(jie)小巷(xiang),大(da)量民(min)居(ju)就建在(zai)街(jie)(jie)巷(xiang)之內。老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)璀璨豐(feng)贍的(de)(de)文物古跡和豐(feng)碩多樣的(de)(de)民(min)間藝術相(xiang)交融,既具縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)規模,又有府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)特色(se)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)古典式(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市,也是一處集觀光(guang)、休閑、娛樂(le)、會展(zhan)于一體的(de)(de)大(da)型多功(gong)能旅游景區。
位(wei)于(yu)(yu)古城(cheng)內的(de)城(cheng)隍(huang)廟是國(guo)務院重(zhong)點文物保(bao)護單位(wei),也是我(wo)國(guo)保(bao)存最為(wei)完(wan)整的(de)城(cheng)隍(huang)廟之(zhi)一。廟宇始建于(yu)(yu)公元1362年,占(zhan)地面積(ji)達6000平(ping)方米,規模(mo)宏巨(ju),壯(zhuang)麗非凡。城(cheng)隍(huang)廟自(zi)建成后,其間多經修(xiu)繕,建國(guo)后曾作展(zhan)覽(lan)館(guan)和圖書(shu)館(guan)使(shi)用。文革(ge)期(qi)間圖書(shu)館(guan)圖書(shu)被洗(xi)劫一空,城(cheng)隍(huang)廟又被膠鞋(xie)廠(chang)占(zhan)用,直至1984年廠(chang)區遷(qian)出,國(guo)家才(cai)得以對城(cheng)隍(huang)廟進行整修(xiu)和維護。
榆次(ci)縣衙是我國保存較為完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)縣級衙署(shu)(shu),有著“三晉第一署(shu)(shu)”的(de)美譽。縣衙始建于(yu)宋(song)朝(chao),占地2萬平方米,共5堂(tang)26個院落,規模宏(hong)巨。衙內(nei)有思鳳樓(lou)、獄神堂(tang)、馬王殿(dian)、思補堂(tang)等(deng)建筑(zhu),具(ju)有極高的(de)歷史文化價值。
榆(yu)次(ci)文廟(miao),是(shi)榆(yu)次(ci)現存最古(gu)老(lao)的建(jian)筑群之(zhi)一,是(shi)榆(yu)次(ci)重(zhong)點文物保護(hu)單位,占(zhan)地面(mian)積(ji)23000平(ping)方米,其中建(jian)筑面(mian)積(ji)6000平(ping)方米。文廟(miao)還有敬一亭(ting)、尊經閣、東(dong)西學宮等建(jian)筑。
鳳(feng)鳴書院是(shi)(shi)清(qing)代榆(yu)次縣(xian)學(xue),是(shi)(shi)榆(yu)次的最(zui)高學(xue)府。書院位于老城西(xi)大街北側,占地27000平方米(mi)。清(qing)乾隆(long)十(shi)三年,知縣(xian)錢(qian)之清(qing)設義學(xue)于此(ci),乾隆(long)三十(shi)一年稱此(ci)為(wei)“鳳(feng)鳴書院”。書院呈園林式風格(ge)布局,其間山水環繞,建筑疏朗,是(shi)(shi)讀書學(xue)識的理想場所。
市(shi)樓(lou)坐落(luo)于老(lao)城(cheng)東西(xi)南北四街的交(jiao)叉中心,是(shi)榆(yu)(yu)次老(lao)城(cheng)的最高建筑。該樓(lou)整體為木質結構,整座(zuo)建筑莊重威嚴,雕梁畫棟,樓(lou)檐(yan)四角皆微微翹起,氣勢非凡。市(shi)樓(lou)是(shi)榆(yu)(yu)次古(gu)城(cheng)商貿繁(fan)華的標志性建筑,其檐(yan)上所(suo)懸的“天下第一樓(lou)”橫匾亦是(shi)對(dui)晉商曾有輝煌的真實寫照(zhao)。
思(si)鳳(feng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)位于西(xi)園與縣(xian)衙之間(jian),為(wei)三(san)層木結構塔式建(jian)筑。該樓(lou)(lou)(lou)始建(jian)于宋(song)朝,高(gao)20米(mi),三(san)疊八角(jiao),共(gong)24個飛檐。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內雕工(gong)細膩(ni),彩(cai)繪絢麗,精(jing)致流暢的建(jian)筑工(gong)藝堪稱三(san)晉第一(yi)名(ming)(ming)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)。相傳(chuan)西(xi)晉咸(xian)寧年(nian)(nian)間(jian)荀邈任(ren)榆(yu)次(ci)知縣(xian),因其勤(qin)政(zheng)愛民(min)、治(zhi)理有(you)方(fang),深得(de)百(bai)姓愛戴。咸(xian)寧二年(nian)(nian)六月間(jian),忽(hu)有(you)成群大鳥(niao)集聚榆(yu)次(ci),于是人(ren)們(men)便(bian)稱榆(yu)次(ci)為(wei)“鳳(feng)城”。數百(bai)年(nian)(nian)后,宋(song)代名(ming)(ming)士文彥博在榆(yu)做縣(xian)令時,為(wei)緬懷先人(ren)、激(ji)勵自己,便(bian)在縣(xian)衙旁(pang)建(jian)起(qi)了這座思(si)鳳(feng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)。因此(ci)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)從各角(jiao)度望去檐角(jiao)都似有(you)展翅欲飛的鳳(feng)凰,思(si)鳳(feng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)的名(ming)(ming)字便(bian)由(you)此(ci)傳(chuan)開。我們(men)如今所(suo)見的思(si)鳳(feng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)為(wei)近年(nian)(nian)來重(zhong)建(jian),樓(lou)(lou)(lou)前楹聯(lian)“民(min)思(si)善政(zheng)鳳(feng)棲梧(wu)桐兩(liang)朝百(bai)代一(yi)桿秤,官重(zhong)廉明龍臥(wo)青云(yun)一(yi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)千古兩(liang)賢吏(li)”中的兩(liang)賢說的即是荀藐和(he)文彥博。
西花(hua)園因位于城(cheng)隍廟西側而(er)得名。小(xiao)巧玲瓏,布局得體,東有(you)廳(ting)堂、西有(you)游廊、北有(you)假山瀑布、其中(zhong)(zhong)還有(you)造型奇特的(de)多景(jing)樓(lou)和石舟坊,亭榭(xie)結合,渾然一體。以巧妙的(de)借景(jing),高超的(de)疊石,精美的(de)理水(shui),洗(xi)練的(de)建筑,在北方園林中(zhong)(zhong)別具(ju)一格。
游(you)客(ke)可乘(cheng)飛機(ji)至太原(yuan)武宿機(ji)場,再轉乘(cheng)計程車,15分鐘(zhong)即可抵達(da)榆次古城(cheng)。
在太原火車站乘坐901路公交車至終點站即可(ke)到(dao)達目的(de)地。
1、北京、天津(高速(su))—石(shi)家莊—太原(從(cong)榆(yu)次出口下高速(su),右轉(zhuan)直走約2公里(li))—榆(yu)次老城。
2、山(shan)東(濟南上高速)—石(shi)家莊、太原(從榆次出口下高速,右轉(zhuan)直走約2公里)—榆次老城。
3、內蒙(呼(hu)和浩特走(zou)201、101國道)—大同(上大運(yun)高速(su))—太原(從榆(yu)次出口(kou)下高速(su),右(you)轉(zhuan)直走(zou)約2公(gong)里)—榆(yu)次老城。
4、河(he)南(nan)(上鄭焦高速(su))—晉城(走晉焦高速(su))—長治(上太長高速(su)、在襄垣下高速(su)、走208國道、約(yue)160公里(li))—東觀左(zuo)轉(約(yue)11公里(li))—榆次老(lao)城;
5、鄭州(zhou)(高速(su))—長(chang)治(到太(tai)原高速(su)榆次出口下高速(su),右轉(zhuan)直走約2公里(li))——榆次老(lao)城。
6、陜西(西安上高速)—運城(cheng)、臨汾(fen)—平遙(yao)(約20公里處)—榆次老城(cheng)。
山西古建(jian)筑(zhu)是(shi)古建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)一(yi)座寶庫,榆(yu)次(ci)老城(cheng)便是(shi)其中的(de)(de)一(yi)顆璀璨明珠,它(ta)集宋、元、明、清(qing)、民國各期的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)風格(ge)于一(yi)體,在晉商文化土壤的(de)(de)孕育中形成(cheng)了獨(du)具特(te)色的(de)(de)古建(jian)筑(zhu)群。榆(yu)次(ci)老城(cheng)的(de)(de)古建(jian)筑(zhu),沿(yan)革有序,風格(ge)多樣、用(yong)材考究、做工精(jing)細(xi),粗獷而(er)(er)不失(shi)細(xi)膩,工細(xi)而(er)(er)少(shao)近奢(she)侈,歷(li)久彌(mi)新,具有重要的(de)(de)歷(li)史文化和科學價值。
晉(jin)商(shang)(shang)是中國(guo)(guo)最早的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)人,其(qi)歷史(shi)可遠溯(su)到(dao)春(chun)秋戰國(guo)(guo)時期(qi)(qi)。明清兩代是晉(jin)商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)鼎盛時期(qi)(qi)。晉(jin)商(shang)(shang)憑借雄(xiong)(xiong)厚的(de)(de)資(zi)金實(shi)力,先進(jin)的(de)(de)經營管(guan)理(li),優秀的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)業文(wen)化(hua),廣(guang)闊的(de)(de)經營領域和活動(dong)范圍,山(shan)西票號匯通天下,跨(kua)國(guo)(guo)貿(mao)易(yi)雄(xiong)(xiong)視歐、亞,稱雄(xiong)(xiong)國(guo)(guo)內長(chang)達500百年(nian)之(zhi)久(jiu)。數(shu)百年(nian)來在國(guo)(guo)內久(jiu)貿(mao)易(yi)舞臺上,以“精神(shen)崇(chong)高以義致(zhi)利(li),儒雅(ya)誠信(xin)儀征(zheng)萬方”的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)業文(wen)化(hua)思想,走出一(yi)條輝煌的(de)(de)晉(jin)商(shang)(shang)之(zhi)路。
榆次(ci)古為京(jing)省和京(jing)陜交(jiao)通要沖,境內有(you)兩處(chu)古驛站。早(zao)在唐宋時(shi)期(qi)榆次(ci)老城就是有(you)名的(de)(de)繁華富庶(shu)之地,有(you)相當(dang)規(gui)模的(de)(de)商業街(jie)市(shi)。榆次(ci)縣衙記載:“向有(you)糧集(ji)、年(nian)集(ji)、果木集(ji)”,“分單(dan)雙日舉行”,“萬商云集(ji),經日不散”。可見(jian),到了(le)明(ming)清時(shi)期(qi)老城街(jie)市(shi)已相當(dang)繁榮。街(jie)市(shi)中有(you)店(dian)、鋪(pu)(pu)、館(guan)、行等商貿建置(zhi),貿易商品品種繁多,有(you)糧食(shi)、鐵器、蔬菜、水果、布匹、皮革等,街(jie)中店(dian)鋪(pu)(pu)毗鄰,人聲(sheng)鼎沸,熱鬧非(fei)凡。穿過了(le)漫(man)漫(man)的(de)(de)歷史時(shi)空之后(hou),那種市(shi)井生活(huo)的(de)(de)溫暖與適(shi)意,仍浸染著每個人的(de)(de)身心,具有(you)濃厚的(de)(de)民俗(su)風情和鄉土氣(qi)息。