介紹
楚長城西起湖北省竹溪縣,跨漢水輾轉至河南的鄧州市,往北經內鄉縣(xian)(xian)(xian),再向東北(bei)經魯(lu)山縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、南召(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、葉縣(xian)(xian)(xian),跨過沙河(he)直達泌陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian),總長(chang)500多公(gong)里(li),是(shi)(shi)我國(guo)最早的(de)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。最早修筑長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)是(shi)(shi)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)國(guo)。從現存遺址的(de)實(shi)際情況看(kan),又較為復雜,楚(chu)(chu)(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)并不(bu)是(shi)(shi)單一的(de)線(xian)路(lu),除北(bei)面(mian)南召(zhao)至魯(lu)兩(liang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)間是(shi)(shi)單一線(xian)路(lu)外,東線(xian)和(he)西線(xian)又各有內(nei)線(xian)和(he)外線(xian),東西兩(liang)線(xian)形成四條線(xian)路(lu)。 確(que)定(ding)的(de)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻體30.51公(gong)里(li),被歷代(dai)破壞而消失的(de)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻體約(yue)25.37公(gong)里(li)、山險(xian)81.34公(gong)里(li),共(gong)計(ji)137.22公(gong)里(li)。此外,調查和(he)發掘確(que)定(ding)了方(fang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)大關口和(he)泌陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)象河(he)關等楚(chu)(chu)(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)關堡2個,葉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)保安(an)鎮(zhen)前古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、泌陽沙河(he)店古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、付莊古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等位于楚(chu)(chu)(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)線(xian)上的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址3個。通(tong)過此次調查,目前已基(ji)本掌握(wo)了平頂(ding)山市葉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、舞(wu)鋼市、南陽市方(fang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)駐馬(ma)店市泌陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境內(nei)的(de)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分布線(xian)路(lu)。
同(tong)地段的(de)(de)(de)楚長(chang)(chang)城(cheng)特點是不一(yi)(yi)樣的(de)(de)(de)。葉(xie)縣(xian)夏(xia)李鄉(xiang)高樓(lou)山(shan)以(yi)東(dong)及方(fang)城(cheng)縣(xian)楊樓(lou)鄉(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)楚長(chang)(chang)城(cheng)特點一(yi)(yi)致(zhi),即(ji)以(yi)綿延幾十(shi)公里的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)修筑的(de)(de)(de)墻體為主(zhu)。舞鋼境內的(de)(de)(de)楚長(chang)(chang)城(cheng)則(ze)是山(shan)險和扼(e)守(shou)山(shan)谷的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)修筑的(de)(de)(de)墻體相(xiang)結(jie)合,共同(tong)組成防御線。泌陽境內的(de)(de)(de)楚長(chang)(chang)城(cheng)則(ze)是以(yi)山(shan)險為主(zhu),以(yi)關堡或城(cheng)址扼(e)守(shou)古道、關口為主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)防御形式。