黑龍(long)江(jiang)哈爾(er)濱白(bai)漁泡國家(jia)濕地(di)(di)公園,水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)曾盛(sheng)產白(bai)漁,因此而(er)得名。泡內呈現濕地(di)(di)地(di)(di)貌,常年積水(shui),豐水(shui)期水(shui)深可達3米,水(shui)源除夏季(ji)雨水(shui)匯集外,區域內有(you)自(zi)噴式(shi)泉(quan)眼,冬(dong)季(ji)不凍,夏季(ji)氣候清新(xin)爽(shuang)朗,溫度適宜,漫(man)步其中(zhong)(zhong),觀(guan)鶴、賞葦(wei)、垂(chui)(chui)釣、采摘,讓游(you)客真正體會到藍天碧水(shui)綠(lv)葦(wei)、魚鳥同(tong)游(you)、與魚同(tong)樂的(de)人間樂趣,是人們融入自(zi)然、認(ren)識自(zi)然、回歸(gui)自(zi)然、陶冶(ye)情操(cao)、消(xiao)除疲勞(lao)、愉(yu)悅(yue)心情的(de)最(zui)佳環(huan)境和場所。園內還開辟了(le)蘆葦(wei)蕩游(you)湖、野(ye)生垂(chui)(chui)釣、觀(guan)鳥賞花、農(nong)家(jia)采摘、水(shui)上野(ye)營、林中(zhong)(zhong)住宿(su)等游(you)樂項目。
公園濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保(bao)育區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)包(bao)括(kuo)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)重點保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)科研監測區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu);濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)科學園區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)按主(zhu)題分為濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)動(dong)物園、濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)景觀觀賞、濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)鳥(niao)類觀賞和(he)(he)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保(bao)護知識長廊;濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保(bao)護與(yu)利用示范區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)包(bao)括(kuo)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)恢復(fu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、鳥(niao)類棲息地(di)(di)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)生(sheng)態種植業示范區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu);濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)旅游(you)(you)開發區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)包(bao)括(kuo)魚塘(tang)垂釣、荷塘(tang)采摘和(he)(he)水上(shang)游(you)(you)樂(le)等(deng)休閑游(you)(you)樂(le)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。
339路公(gong)交(jiao)車(太(tai)平(ping)橋-白魚(yu)泡(pao)濕地公(gong)園)
由先(xian)鋒路-哈同高速-環城高速-五星(xing)村(cun)出口-江南(nan)中環路-民主鄉政府-紅星(xing)村(cun)-城子(zi)村(cun)-松(song)濱監獄-白魚泡濕地(di)公園
公(gong)園處(chu)于道(dao)外(wai)區(qu)松花江(jiang)南(nan)岸(an)的濕地,呈狹長分布(bu),東靠蜚克圖河,與(yu)賓(bin)縣糖坊鎮一河之(zhi)隔(ge),南(nan)與(yu)永源鎮接壤,西與(yu)民主鄉(xiang)毗(pi)鄰,北至松花江(jiang)南(nan)岸(an)與(yu)呼蘭區(qu)腰堡鄉(xiang)隔(ge)江(jiang)相(xiang)望。
濕地(di)公園(yuan)現狀地(di)勢低(di)洼,平(ping)均海拔117m,北(bei)距松(song)花江南(nan)堤3.0km,現狀中部為湖(hu)泡,平(ping)均水(shui)(shui)深1.0-1.5m,湖(hu)中長滿(man)蘆葦和(he)香蒲等水(shui)(shui)生植(zhi)物。四周(zhou)已開辟為稻(dao)田(tian)和(he)魚池,北(bei)側有(you)一(yi)塊平(ping)地(di)。湖(hu)泊補水(shui)(shui)主要有(you)自噴式(shi)泉(quan)眼和(he)四周(zhou)降水(shui)(shui)匯(hui)(hui)集(ji)。兩處溝(gou)渠(qu)匯(hui)(hui)集(ji)四周(zhou)雨水(shui)(shui)至此,北(bei)側有(you)一(yi)條溝(gou)渠(qu)與松(song)花江連通(tong),起到排水(shui)(shui)作用(yong)。
濕地公園位于中緯度(du)歐亞大(da)陸東岸,屬(shu)溫(wen)帶大(da)陸性氣(qi)候,四季分明。水(shui)循(xun)環(huan)不(bu)活躍,主要受(shou)大(da)陸氣(qi)團控(kong)制,降水(shui)稀(xi)少,氣(qi)候干(gan)旱,氣(qi)溫(wen)年(nian)較差、日(ri)較差都大(da),氣(qi)象萬(wan)千(qian);冬季盛(sheng)行偏北風,寒冷干(gan)燥;夏季盛(sheng)行東南風,溫(wen)暖濕潤;春(chun)溫(wen)升高快(kuai),秋溫(wen)降低(di)亦快(kuai);年(nian)平(ping)均溫(wen)度(du)為(wei)3.5℃,極端(duan)最高氣(qi)溫(wen):36.4℃,極端(duan)*最低(di)氣(qi)溫(wen)-38.1℃,全(quan)年(nian)無霜期(qi)124d,有效積溫(wen)2700-2800℃,年(nian)平(ping)均降水(shui)量523.30mm,全(quan)年(nian)平(ping)均風速4.1s/m。
濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園土(tu)(tu)壤類型有白漿土(tu)(tu)、暗棕(zong)壤、黑土(tu)(tu)、草甸土(tu)(tu)、沼(zhao)澤土(tu)(tu)、泥(ni)炭(tan)土(tu)(tu)、水稻土(tu)(tu)等,具有濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)域特色。草甸土(tu)(tu)主(zhu)要分部(bu)于(yu)江河(he)兩岸的(de)沖積平原,沼(zhao)澤土(tu)(tu)和泥(ni)炭(tan)土(tu)(tu)主(zhu)要公(gong)布在低(di)洼地(di)(di)(di)(di)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)下水位高(gao)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)表長期(qi)積水的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)段,土(tu)(tu)壤富(fu)含豐富(fu)養分,是天然的(de)有機肥料。
鳥類
濕地公(gong)園共(gong)調(diao)查共(gong)記(ji)錄15目(mu)35科(ke)122種(zhong)(zhong)鳥(niao)類(lei)。其中(zhong),非(fei)雀形(xing)目(mu)計14目(mu)17科(ke)58種(zhong)(zhong),占全區鳥(niao)類(lei)的(de)48%;雀形(xing)目(mu)18科(ke)64種(zhong)(zhong)占52%。在非(fei)雀形(xing)目(mu)中(zhong),雁(yan)形(xing)目(mu)、隼形(xing)目(mu)有(you)34種(zhong)(zhong),占雀形(xing)目(mu)鳥(niao)類(lei)的(de)63%。雀形(xing)目(mu)的(de)主要以山雀科(ke)和雀科(ke)為主,共(gong)計45種(zhong)(zhong),占雀形(xing)目(mu)總數(shu)的(de)68%。在調(diao)查的(de)鳥(niao)類(lei)中(zhong),以綠頭(tou)(tou)鴨、赤嘴潛(qian)鴨、針尾沙錐、江鷗(ou)、白額燕(yan)鷗(ou)、戴(dai)勝(sheng)、去雀、金腰燕(yan)、鳳頭(tou)(tou)麥雞量(liang)最多,為優勢種(zhong)(zhong)。
哺乳類野生動物
白魚泡濕地公園(yuan)共分布(bu)4目(mu)9科(ke)20種獸類。公園(yuan)距離(li)居(ju)民區(qu)較近,人(ren)類活(huo)動頻繁,再(zai)加(jia)上(shang)(shang)原來(lai)偷獵現象嚴重,因此區(qu)內除(chu)了能見(jian)到大(da)量(liang)(liang)的(de)嚙齒目(mu)和(he)少量(liang)(liang)的(de)小型(xing)哺(bu)乳類動物外(wai),已(yi)基本上(shang)(shang)見(jian)不到其它大(da)型(xing)哺(bu)乳動物。嚙齒目(mu)種類占全部哺(bu)乳種類的(de)61%,從數量(liang)(liang)上(shang)(shang)看(kan),以麝鼠(shu)、黑(hei)線姬鼠(shu)、褐家(jia)鼠(shu)、小家(jia)鼠(shu)為優勢種。
兩爬類動物
濕地公園(yuan)兩爬(pa)類動物有2目(mu)3科5種。主要(yao)生(sheng)活在沼(zhao)澤、草甸和水(shui)域中(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong),極北鯢、黑龍江(jiang)林(lin)蛙、蝮蛇(she)為濕地公園(yuan)的優勢種,具有重要(yao)的經(jing)濟(ji)和生(sheng)態價值;中(zhong)華大蟾(chan)蜍、花(hua)北蟾(chan)蜍、東北雨蛙、黑斑蛙、白條錦蛇(she)為廣布種。
魚類
濕(shi)地公園中(zhong)部為(wei)湖(hu)(hu)泡,平均水深1.0-1.5m,湖(hu)(hu)底(di)平坦,基本無障礙物。湖(hu)(hu)周圍為(wei)農田、草(cao)甸,植被較差(cha)。但由于土質良(liang)好,沿(yan)岸(an)帶(dai)及淺水區生(sheng)長有大量次(ci)陸生(sheng)植物和(he)水生(sheng)維(wei)管束(shu)植物。湖(hu)(hu)中(zhong)魚(yu)類經標本鑒(jian)定共有4目8科28種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)以鯉(li)魚(yu)類最多,有20余種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占魚(yu)類種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類的(de)64.5%。人工放養種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類和(he)隨(sui)人工放養帶(dai)入的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類有鰱(lian)、草(cao)、青魚(yu)等,占魚(yu)類總數的(de)16.13%。
白漁泡濕地天然水(shui)陸生植物種類繁多,隸屬(shu)植物界蕨類植物門與(yu)被子植物門2個(ge)(ge)門、3個(ge)(ge)綱、16個(ge)(ge)目、29個(ge)(ge)科還(huan)有(you)1個(ge)(ge)獨(du)立科。
乘船游覽(lan)于蘆葦蕩中,坐(zuo)(zuo)享沙鷗翔(xiang)集、錦鱗游泳(yong)之(zhi)境(jing);坐(zuo)(zuo)在草廊種品杯(bei)香茗,待夕陽(yang)西下(xia),落霞與孤(gu)鶩(mu)齊飛,秋水共(gong)長天一色(se)之(zhi)境(jing)盡收(shou)眼(yan)底。
享受(shou)悠(you)閑垂(chui)釣,觀看漁(yu)民表(biao)演“下掛子”、“迷魂網陣”、“撒(sa)網”、“下地籠”等(deng)捕魚方式,感受(shou)觀魚、喂魚的樂趣。