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石花水洞

石(shi)花水洞由旱洞和水洞兩(liang)部(bu)分(fen)組(zu)成(cheng)，總(zong)長約(yue)(yue)5公(gong)里(li)，其中旱洞長約(yue)(yue)2公(gong)里(li)，水洞長約(yue)(yue)3公(gong)里(li)，洞內(nei)洞道系統復雜(za)，次生化(hua)學沉積物(wu)發育[。

旱洞

旱洞(dong)(dong)(dong)已(yi)開發550米(mi)。旱洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內有石(shi)(shi)(shi)種乳、石(shi)(shi)(shi)筍(sun)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱、石(shi)(shi)(shi)旗、石(shi)(shi)(shi)瀑布(bu)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)舌、卷(juan)曲(qu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、文石(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)、單(dan)晶(jing)方解石(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)等極具(ju)觀賞和科學價值的地質景觀和遺(yi)跡，尤(you)其是洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內發育生長的“ 一石(shi)(shi)(shi)二花(hua)”卷(juan)曲(qu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、文石(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)、方解石(shi)(shi)(shi)晶(jing)體花(hua)及其組合(he)堪(kan)稱國家級珍品和世(shi)界一絕。

水洞

水(shui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)已開發350米。水(shui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)曲折蜿蜒(yan)，光怪陸(lu)離，五彩波(bo)瀾。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內存活著極為珍貴(gui)的國家級保護動(dong)物——娃娃魚。水(shui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內輕舟漫游(you)，宛如龍宮邀游(you)，美(mei)不勝(sheng)收。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)道主要沿巖層(ceng)的傾向(xiang)和(he)走向(xiang)兩個方向(xiang)發育(yu)，小型枝(zhi)狀洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)較(jiao)多且多沿構(gou)造裂隙(xi)發育(yu)的。主洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)道一般寬3—7m，部分(fen)在1.5—2.5m左右，洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)高(gao)一般3—6m，部分(fen)通過(guo)裂隙(xi)發育(yu)的洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)可向(xiang)上延伸到(dao)20— 30m以上，水(shui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)最深處17米。游(you)覽(lan)進洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)口(kou)不遠處有一天窗通達地(di)表。地(di)下水(shui)位以下洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)位于石花水(shui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)旱洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)端，人能夠(gou)進入的天然水(shui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)長約150米，后(hou)來(lai)經過(guo)人工開挖，與洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)外的英島湖連通，長200米。

石花(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)道(dao)總(zong)長(chang)雖(sui)然不大，但(dan)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)要素齊全，應該反映出洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴通道(dao)多種成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)因特點。從(cong)(cong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)育史看(kan)，有(you)(you)正(zheng)在發(fa)育中的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)下河(he)，有(you)(you)已經(jing)脫(tuo)離地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)旱(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)道(dao)；從(cong)(cong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)育方(fang)向(xiang)看(kan)，有(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平延伸的(de)(de)(de)通道(dao)，也(ye)有(you)(you)垂向(xiang)發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)豎井(jing)；從(cong)(cong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)因類型(xing)看(kan)，有(you)(you)在滲(shen)流(liu)帶(dai)(包氣帶(dai))發(fa)育的(de)(de)(de)豎井(jing)，有(you)(you)在潛流(liu)帶(dai)發(fa)育的(de)(de)(de)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴環，有(you)(you)在地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)附近生成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)下河(he)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)道(dao)。從(cong)(cong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)道(dao)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)看(kan)，有(you)(you)主洞(dong)(dong)(dong)，也(ye)有(you)(you)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)支洞(dong)(dong)(dong)，共同組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)復雜的(de)(de)(de)立(li)體洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴網絡系(xi)統。石花(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)道(dao)系(xi)統、豎井(jing)和裂隙、地(di)(di)下河(he)河(he)道(dao)和下游的(de)(de)(de)巖溶(rong)(rong)(rong)泉共同構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)(you)序的(de)(de)(de)巖溶(rong)(rong)(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴——水(shui)(shui)(shui)文地(di)(di)質(zhi)系(xi)統，它們之(zhi)間有(you)(you)組(zu)(zu)織的(de)(de)(de)空間分(fen)布規律(lv)和時(shi)間上(shang)先后生成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)及發(fa)展序列為熱(re)(re)帶(dai)巖溶(rong)(rong)(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴和熱(re)(re)帶(dai)巖溶(rong)(rong)(rong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)文地(di)(di)質(zhi)研究提供了一(yi)處(chu)天然實驗場所。

石花(hua)水洞中豐富的次生化(hua)學沉積物，為人(ren)們研(yan)究(jiu)在這一地理(li)環(huan)境下鐘乳石類的形(xing)成(cheng)機理(li)提供良好的條件，如利(li)用現代化(hua)科學手段(duan)可以(yi)從洞穴(xue)的石筍中提取古氣象和水文狀況等(deng)環(huan)境變化(hua)信息，并可進(jin)行環(huan)境變化(hua)和全(quan)球(qiu)洞穴(xue)對比(bi)研(yan)究(jiu)。

海(hai)南石(shi)花(hua)(hua)水洞(dong)(dong)地(di)質公園(yuan)洞(dong)(dong)穴發育(yu)在(zai)北(bei)緯18°，為我國巖溶(rong)學、洞(dong)(dong)穴學研(yan)究(jiu)熱帶條(tiao)件(jian)下洞(dong)(dong)穴發育(yu)條(tiao)件(jian)和演化(hua)規律提供了天然(ran)條(tiao)件(jian)，因為我國低緯度地(di)區(qu)很(hen)少有較(jiao)大洞(dong)(dong)穴出現，而洞(dong)(dong)內發育(yu)奇特的(de)次(ci)生(sheng)化(hua)學沉(chen)積物景(jing)(jing)觀則只有石(shi)花(hua)(hua)水洞(dong)(dong)，更(geng)顯其(qi)珍(zhen)貴。石(shi)花(hua)(hua)水洞(dong)(dong)不僅具(ju)有很(hen)高的(de)旅游觀光和探險價值，更(geng)具(ju)有獨特的(de)地(di)質、地(di)理、古環境研(yan)究(jiu)、科(ke)普教育(yu)、環保教育(yu)等(deng)價值，在(zai)海(hai)南景(jing)(jing)區(qu)中(zhong)具(ju)有無可(ke)替(ti)代(dai)的(de)地(di)位，在(zai)全國景(jing)(jing)區(qu)中(zhong)也具(ju)有十分獨特的(de)位置。

海(hai)南石(shi)花水洞(dong)地質公(gong)園的(de)(de)建立(li)和石(shi)花水洞(dong)景區開(kai)(kai)發經營頗具(ju)傳奇性(xing)。現(xian)石(shi)花水洞(dong)景區所在的(de)(de)英島山，從(cong)50年代即一(yi)直有石(shi)灰石(shi)礦開(kai)(kai)礦活動，石(shi)花水洞(dong)是(shi)在1985年時因采礦而偶(ou)爾(er)發現(xian)的(de)(de)，隨后不久政府(fu)封閉了(le)洞(dong)穴。二000年海(hai)南湘南礦業(ye)有限公(gong)司、海(hai)南寶強(qiang)實業(ye)有限公(gong)司、海(hai)南八(ba)一(yi)總(zong)場等接手后，隨即邀請中(zhong)國科學院桂(gui)林(lin)巖溶研究所進行(xing)了(le)開(kai)(kai)發論證(zheng)，并對部(bu)分旱洞(dong)和水洞(dong)部(bu)分進行(xing)了(le)游覽(lan)策(ce)劃和規劃設計。歷經五(wu)年的(de)(de)保護(hu)性(xing)搶救開(kai)(kai)發，2005年元(yuan)月一(yi)號石(shi)花水洞(dong)開(kai)(kai)始試業(ye)開(kai)(kai)放(fang)(fang)，2005年國慶節(jie)開(kai)(kai)始正式對外開(kai)(kai)放(fang)(fang)。石(shi)花水洞(dong)成功(gong)開(kai)(kai)發的(de)(de)歷史本身就(jiu)具(ju)有一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)指導意(yi)義。

“奇異石花(hua)，神(shen)秘水洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”既是石花(hua)水洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的主題詞和(he)形(xing)象(xiang)口(kou)號，更是石花(hua)水洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的魅力和(he)生命所在(zai)(zai)。因此，石花(hua)水洞(dong)(dong)(dong)景區(qu)的經營和(he)深度開(kai)發(fa)必(bi)須遵循“保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)為主，適度開(kai)發(fa)，永續利用”、“在(zai)(zai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)中(zhong)開(kai)發(fa)，在(zai)(zai)開(kai)發(fa)中(zhong)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)”的原則，把環(huan)境效(xiao)應和(he)社會效(xiao)益(yi)放(fang)在(zai)(zai)第一位，根據(ju)地質公園保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的相關規律和(he)有關規定，分步完善(shan)景區(qu)配(pei)套設施(shi)，為人們旅(lv)游觀光、探險科考、科普教育(yu)和(he)環(huan)境教育(yu)提供(gong)配(pei)套設施(shi)和(he)良好(hao)服務。

海南(nan)石(shi)花水(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)不是(shi)一(yi)個普通(tong)的(de)山洞(dong)(dong),是(shi)經中國溶洞(dong)(dong)協會專家考察認定(ding)的(de),特別(bie)是(shi)南(nan)京大學馬(ma)教(jiao)授(shou)、夏教(jiao)授(shou)等(deng)7位(wei)地(di)理(li)學家一(yi)致評定(ding)認為的(de).石(shi)花水(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)是(shi)由(you)下而上的(de)蒸汽而形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)景色(se),而目前(qian)發現(xian)所有(you)溶洞(dong)(dong)都(dou)是(shi)由(you)上而下滴水(shui)(shui)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)景色(se).由(you)于形(xing)成(cheng)原理(li)不同,石(shi)花水(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)才出(chu)現(xian)世界罕見的(de)奇觀。

溫馨提示

·洞(dong)(dong)內濕熱(re)、出(chu)洞(dong)(dong)清涼、需注意增(zeng)減服裝

·洞內(nei)水汽較大，注意相機(ji)鏡頭，請隨身攜帶檫鏡布

·洞內石壁(bi)珍貴，請勿觸摸

·洞內部分區段狹窄，請服從講解員指揮

·水(shui)洞(dong)段游(you)船時請按船工指揮(hui)，切(qie)勿擅自活動影響(xiang)船身平衡，洞(dong)內水(shui)深17米(mi)，最好按指揮(hui)穿(chuan)上(shang)救身衣(yi)以防(fang)意外確保安(an)全

交通指南

由儋州汽(qi)車總(zong)站(zhan)至(zhi)八(ba)一農場(chang)（票價7元），到站(zhan)乘坐摩的(de)到石花(hua)(hua)水洞即可。儋州汽(qi)車總(zong)站(zhan)至(zhi)八(ba)一農場(chang)約(yue)(yue)35公里(li)， 八(ba)一總(zong)場(chang)至(zhi)石花(hua)(hua)水洞約(yue)(yue)3公里(li)。