文(wen)(wen)(wen)峰(feng)山文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)源遠流長、底蘊深厚,人文(wen)(wen)(wen)、自(zi)然景(jing)觀俱佳,素有“魯南小(xiao)泰山”之稱。文(wen)(wen)(wen)峰(feng)山原名神峰(feng)山,因魯國執政大臣季(ji)文(wen)(wen)(wen)子設蘭陵為(wei)(wei)次室邑,在此執政期間,清正廉潔(jie),勤政為(wei)(wei)民,去世后葬于文(wen)(wen)(wen)峰(feng)山,后人為(wei)(wei)紀念他,把“神峰(feng)山”改為(wei)(wei)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)峰(feng)山”。
山(shan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you) “季文子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)墓(mu)(mu)”、“季文子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)廟(miao)”等(deng)遺址。戰國時期(qi)出名思想(xiang)家、教育家、儒家學(xue)派集大成(cheng)者、“后圣”荀(xun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)在文峰山(shan)講學(xue)論道,著書立說,廣授門徒(tu),在此培(pei)養了韓(han)非子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、李斯(si)等(deng)高(gao)徒(tu)弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),荀(xun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)《勸學(xue)》等(deng)三十(shi)二篇大多成(cheng)名于(yu)文峰山(shan),現存(cun)有(you)(you)(you)“荀(xun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)講學(xue)處”、“荀(xun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)書院”、“荀(xun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曬書臺”等(deng)遺址。隋唐時期(qi),文峰山(shan)已經成(cheng)為蘇魯一(yi)(yi)帶極負(fu)盛名的佛道教圣地(di),山(shan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下兩(liang)廟(miao),龍(long)王(wang)樓(lou)(lou)、季文子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)墓(mu)(mu)、三星殿(dian)、眼光殿(dian)、三清宮(gong)、關爺廟(miao)、泰山(shan)行宮(gong)、玉皇閣等(deng)建筑,因歷代兵燹,已蕩然(ran)無(wu)存(cun),現有(you)(you)(you)“季文子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)墓(mu)(mu)”、“三清宮(gong)”、“泰山(shan)殿(dian)”、“泉(quan)(quan)源寺”、“千(qian)佛崖(ya)”等(deng)遺址,東部有(you)(you)(you)鄫國故(gu)城。文峰山(shan)山(shan)清水(shui)秀、景(jing)色(se)優(you)美,山(shan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)古(gu)木參天,清泉(quan)(quan)潺潺,怪石(shi)(shi)嶙峋、盤藤冉(ran)枝(zhi)、峭壁摩崖(ya),曲(qu)徑通幽。在季文子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)墓(mu)(mu)前有(you)(you)(you)古(gu)銀杏樹兩(liang)棵,株(zhu)(zhu)距6米,東株(zhu)(zhu)粗4.6米,西(xi)(xi)株(zhu)(zhu)粗9.6米,高(gao)30余米,枝(zhi)杈交錯,互為連(lian)理,俗稱(cheng)“情侶樹”,雖經千(qian)年風霜仍根深(shen)葉茂。《臨沂縣志》載“清光緒初右株(zhu)(zhu)焚于(yu)火(huo),焦(jiao)灼(zhuo)無(wu)生氣,敷年后忽(hu)生,今已暢茂于(yu)故(gu)矣”;季文子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)墓(mu)(mu)西(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)(you)龍(long)王(wang)樓(lou)(lou),又名“西(xi)(xi)看樓(lou)(lou)”,建于(yu)北宋咸平二年(999年),今已無(wu)存(cun),樓(lou)(lou)下有(you)(you)(you)洞,澗中有(you)(you)(you)泉(quan)(quan),名“龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)”,又名“玉泉(quan)(quan)”,泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)清冽,四季不(bu)干。龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)西(xi)(xi)側(ce)有(you)(you)(you)通向山(shan)頂的盤路,共七十(shi)七盤二百九十(shi)七階(jie)。沿石(shi)(shi)階(jie)而上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),兩(liang)旁壁石(shi)(shi)陡峭如(ru)削,松(song)柏(bo)遮天蔽口(kou)。路兩(liang)側(ce)有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)株(zhu)(zhu)松(song)樹,一(yi)(yi)株(zhu)(zhu)根出石(shi)(shi)縫,形似(si)偏馬(ma)欲騎(qi),稱(cheng)之(zhi)“偏馬(ma)松(song)”,一(yi)(yi)株(zhu)(zhu)坐于(yu)巨(ju)石(shi)(shi)之(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),兩(liang)條(tiao)主根交叉鍥(qie)入峭壁縫隙,形如(ru)騎(qi)馬(ma),故(gu)稱(cheng)“騎(qi)馬(ma)松(song)”。崖(ya)縫中兩(liang)株(zhu)(zhu)千(qian)年古(gu)藤,似(si)兩(liang)條(tiao)巨(ju)龍(long)繞柏(bo)騰空(kong)。周圍數(shu)百株(zhu)(zhu)奇松(song)異(yi)樹,根扎石(shi)(shi)壁,景(jing)色(se)令(ling)人驚嘆不(bu)已。近觀山(shan)的東坡(po),白石(shi)(shi)皚皚如(ru)雪,即為臨沂古(gu)八大景(jing)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)的“神(shen)(shen)峰積雪”。主峰大神(shen)(shen)山(shan)西(xi)(xi)古(gu)泉(quan)(quan)源寺遺址后一(yi)(yi)泉(quan)(quan)自石(shi)(shi)隙中橫出,汩汩有(you)(you)(you)聲,流入寺中,曲(qu)折匯為巨(ju)池(chi)。池(chi)周圍綠樹濃蔭,別具幽趣。
文峰山(shan)(shan)同時是重要(yao)的(de)革(ge)命(ming)(ming)紀念(nian)地,是抗日戰(zhan)爭、解放戰(zhan)爭時期重要(yao)的(de)根據地和主(zhu)戰(zhan)場,是山(shan)(shan)東紅色(se)旅(lv)游發展中(zhong)的(de)重要(yao)區域。山(shan)(shan)上(shang)有銀(yin)廠慘(can)案烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)紀念(nian)碑、中(zhong)共魯南區委(wei)書記(ji)趙(zhao)镈烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)、山(shan)(shan)東軍區八師政治部(bu)主(zhu)任曾(ceng)明桃烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)和“蒼山(shan)(shan)暴動”領導人郭云舫烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)。魯南革(ge)命(ming)(ming)烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)陵(ling)園(yuan)(yuan)就(jiu)坐落在山(shan)(shan)南腳(jiao)下,烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)陵(ling)園(yuan)(yuan)占地3.41公頃。四周筑有2米左(zuo)右(you)的(de)院墻,西式門樓坐北朝南,坡地而(er)立(li),左(zuo)側扁(bian)立(li)柱鐫有“烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)陵(ling)園(yuan)(yuan)”4個金色(se)大字,4間門房襯(chen)附門樓兩側,兩頭各有一(yi)間小(xiao)樓聳立(li)對峙。園(yuan)(yuan)內建(jian)(jian)有魯南革(ge)命(ming)(ming)紀念(nian)館,館后為烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)林,墓(mu)(mu)林后建(jian)(jian)有革(ge)命(ming)(ming)烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)紀念(nian)碑一(yi)座。
山的(de)東面(mian)有城村(cun),是(shi)(shi)古國遺(yi)址,亦(yi)是(shi)(shi)孔子弟子曾(ceng)參的(de)家鄉(xiang),西面(mian)有匡王村(cun),相傳(chuan)為(wei)(wei)東漢時(shi)“鑿壁(bi)偷光”刻苦(ku)自(zi)學而(er)成(cheng)名(ming)的(de)匡衡故里。山上有春(chun)秋(qiu)時(shi)期魯大(da)夫季文(wen)子墓和祠,故此(ci)(ci)山又名(ming)為(wei)(wei)魯卿山。山中路半(ban)山腰(yao),有一園門,上題“文(wen)峰勝景(jing)”,即(ji)下廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)門,左(zuo)右各有銀杏樹一株,均高20余(yu)米,粗數圍。下廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)為(wei)(wei)一建筑群(qun),由三(san)(san)清殿、關帝廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)、龍(long)五(wu)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)等(deng)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)。據出土石標記載,龍(long)五(wu)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)始建于宋建宗咸平二年(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)999年(nian)),為(wei)(wei)游覽勝地。廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)址附(fu)近有泉(quan)(quan)自(zi)洞中流出,名(ming)龍(long)泉(quan)(quan),泉(quan)(quan)水甘美。龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)西側有石階直通上廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),沿途有許(xu)多松(song)柏,皆出于峭(qiao)壁(bi)縫隙中,其中出名(ming)的(de)有“編思(si)松(song)”、“騎(qi)馬(ma)松(song)”等(deng)。上廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)由季文(wen)子廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)、三(san)(san)皇(huang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)和三(san)(san)清觀組(zu)(zu)成(cheng),現已傾坍。由上廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)上行半(ban)里許(xu),便是(shi)(shi)山的(de)絕頂玉皇(huang)閣(ge)舊址。由此(ci)(ci)近觀山之(zhi)(zhi)東坡(po),白(bai)石皚(ai)皚(ai),望之(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)雪(xue),古瑯琊八(ba)景(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)一的(de)“神峰積雪(xue)”,即(ji)指此(ci)(ci)而(er)言(yan)。從主峰西行三(san)(san)公(gong)里,有一石壁(bi)嶙峋處,為(wei)(wei)古泉(quan)(quan)源寺舊址,稱千(qian)佛崖(ya),上有摩崖(ya)造(zao)像100余(yu)尊,其中20余(yu)尊尚完好,造(zao)像年(nian)代(dai)不可(ke)考,風格(ge)古拙,近似六朝時(shi)遺(yi)物。文(wen)峰山不僅風景(jing)秀麗,而(er)且是(shi)(shi)一處重要的(de)革命紀(ji)念(nian)地。在(zai)主峰之(zhi)(zhi)巔,“銀廠慘案(an)烈(lie)士紀(ji)念(nian)館”巍然屹立。蒼山縣烈(lie)士陵(ling)園,就坐(zuo)落在(zai)此(ci)(ci)山腳下。