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基本介紹

我們選擇(ze)登(deng)(deng)月(yue) （We Choose to Go to the Moon，又(you)譯《我們決定登(deng)(deng)月(yue)》）是美(mei)國前總統(tong)約翰·費(fei)茨杰拉德·肯尼迪(di)(di)（John Fitzgerald Kennedy）于(yu)1962年(nian)(nian)9月(yue)12日在賴斯(si)大(da)學的一(yi)篇關于(yu)航(hang)天事業的演講。之后，這篇演講被視為阿波羅登(deng)(deng)月(yue)計劃奠基的第一(yi)鏟(chan)土。肯尼迪(di)(di)本人于(yu)1963年(nian)(nian)遇刺身亡，登(deng)(deng)月(yue)計劃由林登(deng)(deng)·約翰遜(xun)總統(tong)與尼克松(song)總統(tong)接管。經過不懈努力(li)，終(zhong)于(yu)在1969年(nian)(nian)7月(yue)成(cheng)功(gong)將人類送上了(le)月(yue)球(qiu)。

內容介紹

中英對照

We Choose to Go to the Moon

我們決定登月

John Fitzgerald Kennedy

約翰·費茨杰拉德·肯尼迪

September 12, 1962

1962年9月12日

Rice Stadium

賴斯（大(da)學的(de)）體育場(chang)

President Pitzer, Mr.Vice President, Governor, Congressman Thomas, Senator Wiley, and Congressman Miller, Mr. Webb, Mr. Bell, scientists, distinguished guests, and ladies and gentlemen:

皮(pi)茨校長，副總統(tong)，州長，眾議員托馬斯，參(can)議員維利，眾議員米勒，韋伯(bo)先生(sheng)，比爾先生(sheng)，科學(xue)家們(men)，尊(zun)敬的來賓，女士們(men)先生(sheng)們(men)：

I appreciate your president having made me an honorary visiting professor, and I will assure you that my first lecture will be very brief.

我十(shi)分感激你們的(de)校長授(shou)(shou)予我名譽客座教(jiao)授(shou)(shou)的(de)頭銜(xian)，并且我向各位保(bao)證我的(de)第一個演講(jiang)會十(shi)分簡(jian)潔(jie)。

I am delighted to be here and I'm particularly delighted to be here on this occasion.

我很高(gao)興來到(dao)這(zhe)(zhe)里(li)，特別是(shi)在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)個時(shi)候(hou)來到(dao)這(zhe)(zhe)里(li)。

We meet at a college noted for knowledge, in a city noted for progress, in a state noted for strength, and we stand in need of all three, for we meet in an hour of change and challenge, in a decade of hope and fear, in an age of both knowledge and ignorance.

我(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)在這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)以知識聞名的(de)(de)大學，在這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)以進步聞名的(de)(de)城(cheng)市，在這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)以實力聞名的(de)(de)州(zhou)府(fu)相會。并且我(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)需要它們(men)(men)全部三者，因為我(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)正(zheng)處(chu)于一個(ge)變化與(yu)挑戰的(de)(de)時(shi)刻，希望與(yu)恐(kong)懼交織(zhi)的(de)(de)十年，知識與(yu)愚昧并存的(de)(de)時(shi)代(dai)。

The greater our knowledge increases, the greater our ignorance unfolds.

我(wo)們獲取的知識越(yue)多(duo)，我(wo)們顯露出的無知也就越(yue)多(duo)。

Despite the striking fact that most of the scientists that the world has ever known are alive and working today, despite the fact that this Nation's own scientific manpower is doubling every 12 years in a rate of growth more than three times that of our population as a whole, despite that, the vast stretches of the unknown and the unanswered and the unfinished still far outstrip our collective comprehension.

盡(jin)(jin)管顯著的(de)(de)事(shi)實表(biao)明(ming)：享譽世界(jie)的(de)(de)科(ke)學家們仍(reng)在艱苦工作，盡(jin)(jin)管我國的(de)(de)科(ke)研力(li)量(liang)以(yi)每(mei)12年翻一倍的(de)(de)速度(du)(du)增長、總體(ti)超過了人(ren)口增長速度(du)(du)的(de)(de)三(san)倍。盡(jin)(jin)管如此，宇宙(zhou)中未(wei)知之(zhi)域(yu)、未(wei)解之(zhi)謎(mi)和(he)未(wei)竟之(zhi)事(shi)的(de)(de)范(fan)圍之(zhi)廣，仍(reng)然(ran)遠遠超出了我們所有人(ren)的(de)(de)理解能力(li)。

No man can fully grasp how far and how fast we have come, but condense, if you will, the 50,000 years of man's recorded history in a time span of but a half-century.

沒人能(neng)夠斷言我們能(neng)走多遠(yuan)，能(neng)走多快。但如果(guo)你愿(yuan)意，將(jiang)5萬年的人類歷(li)史濃縮(suo)為短短的半個世紀。

Stated in these terms, we know very little about the first 40 years, except at the end of them advanced man had learned to use the skins of animals to cover them.

在(zai)這個時間跨度下，我們對于開始(shi)的40年知之(zhi)甚(shen)少(shao)，除了在(zai)最后階段我們學會了用(yong)獸皮遮體。

Then about 10 years ago, under this standard, man emerged from his caves to construct other kinds of shelter.

接下(xia)來，在此標(biao)準之下(xia)，10年前，人類走出洞穴，開始(shi)建(jian)造新的家園。

Only five years ago man learned to write and use a cart with wheels.

五年前人類才學會(hui)了(le)寫字和(he)使用有輪子(zi)的車輛。

Christianity began less than two years ago.

基(ji)督教產生(sheng)于不到兩年前。

The printing press came this year, and then less than two months ago, during this whole 50-year span of human history, the steam engine provided a new source of power.

印刷(shua)出(chu)版今年才(cai)出(chu)現。在人類歷史的50年間，在不到(dao)兩個月前，蒸汽(qi)機(ji)為我們提(ti)供了新(xin)的動(dong)力。

Newton explored the meaning of gravity.

牛頓發現了引力的意義。

Last month electric lights and telephones and automobiles and airplanes became available.

上個月，電(dian)燈(deng)，電(dian)話，汽車和飛機成(cheng)為了現(xian)實。

Only last week did we develop penicillin and television and nuclear power, and now if America's new spacecraft succeeds in reaching Venus, we will literally reached the stars before midnight tonight.

僅僅上(shang)周(zhou)我們(men)才(cai)發明了(le)盤尼西林（即青霉素，譯者注），電視與核能。如果現在美國(guo)最新的飛(fei)船能夠成功抵達金星(xing)，那么我們(men)才(cai)真正算得(de)上(shang)在今天午夜抵達其他星(xing)球(qiu)了(le)。

This is a breathtaking pace, and such a pace cannot help but create new ills as it dispels old, new ignorance, new problems, new dangers.

這是激動人心的(de)一(yi)步，但邁(mai)出的(de)這一(yi)步在驅散舊邪惡(e)的(de)同時(shi)，也會派生出新(xin)邪惡(e)，新(xin)無(wu)知(zhi)、新(xin)問題和新(xin)危(wei)險。

Surely the opening vistas of space promise high costs and hardships, as well as high reward.

太空所(suo)展現的遠景(jing)固然(ran)會得到巨大的回報(bao)，但同時也會伴隨著巨大的困難與高昂的代價(jia)。

So it is not surprising that some would have us stay where we are a little longer to rest, to wait.

所以并不意外，有時我們會在裹足不前，焦急等待。

But this city of Houston, this state of Texas, this country of the United States was not built by those who waited and rested and wished to look behind them.

但休(xiu)斯敦市(shi)，德克薩斯州(zhou)與美利堅(jian)合眾國(guo)不是由那(nei)些止步不前，安于現狀，甘愿(yuan)落后(hou)的人建立的。

This country was conquered by those who moved forward--and so will space.

這個國家(jia)是(shi)由(you)那些不斷(duan)前進的人所(suo)征服的，太(tai)空(kong)也是(shi)如此(ci)。

William Bradford, speaking in 1630 of the founding of the Plymouth Bay Colony, said that all great and honorable actions are accompanied with great difficulties, and both must be enterprised and overcome with answerable courage.

威(wei)廉·布拉(la)德福德，曾在1630年的(de)(de)普利茅斯(si)港殖(zhi)民地的(de)(de)建(jian)立儀式上說(shuo)，所有偉(wei)大而光榮(rong)的(de)(de)行(xing)動都伴隨著巨大的(de)(de)困(kun)難(nan)，而完成這些行(xing)動必須具(ju)備不斷進取的(de)(de)精神和與之相(xiang)當的(de)(de)勇氣。

If this capsule history of our progress teaches us anything, it is that man, in his quest for knowledge and progress, is determined and cannot be deterred.

如果說這段(duan)簡短而充滿進(jin)步的(de)歷史(shi)能給我們(men)什么(me)樣的(de)教訓，那就是，人類在探求知識和進(jin)步的(de)過程中是堅定(ding)不移(yi)，并無可阻擋的(de)。

The exploration of space will go ahead, whether we join in it or not, and it is one of the great adventures of all time, and no nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in this race for space.

無論我(wo)們參加與否，太(tai)空(kong)探(tan)索終將繼續。無論何時它都是(shi)一場(chang)偉大的冒險，沒(mei)有(you)任何一個期望領先世(shi)界的國家想在這場(chang)太(tai)空(kong)競(jing)賽(sai)中止步。

我們(men)的(de)先輩(bei)使這個國家掀起(qi)了(le)工(gong)業革命的(de)第一(yi)波(bo)浪(lang)(lang)潮(chao)，掀起(qi)了(le)現代發明(ming)的(de)第一(yi)波(bo)浪(lang)(lang)潮(chao)，掀起(qi)了(le)核能(neng)技術(shu)的(de)第一(yi)波(bo)浪(lang)(lang)潮(chao)。而我們(men)這一(yi)代絕不會甘愿在即將到來(lai)的(de)太(tai)空時(shi)代的(de)浪(lang)(lang)潮(chao)中倒下(xia)。

We mean to be a part of it--we mean to lead it.

我們(men)要加(jia)入其中――我們(men)要領先世(shi)界(jie)。

For the eyes of the world now look into space, to the moon and to the planets beyond, and we have vowed that we shall not see it governed by a hostile flag of conquest, but by a banner of freedom and peace.

為了如(ru)今仰(yang)望太(tai)(tai)空(kong)，注視(shi)月球和遙看(kan)繁星的人們(men)，我們(men)發誓，我們(men)決不允許太(tai)(tai)空(kong)被那(nei)些敵對國(guo)家（原文(wen)為旗幟，譯者(zhe)注）所(suo)征服，我們(men)會看(kan)到自由與和平的旗幟在飄(piao)揚(yang)。

We have vowed that we shall not see space filled with weapons of mass destruction, but with instruments of knowledge and understanding.

我們(men)發誓我們(men)不會看(kan)到太空遍布大規模殺傷(shang)性武器，而是充滿了獲取知識(shi)的工具。

Yet the vows of this Nation can only be fulfilled if we in this Nation are first, and, therefore, we intend to be first.

這個承諾只有在我國領先的情況下才能履行(xing)。因此，我們即將付諸(zhu)行(xing)動。

In short, our leadership in science and industry, our hopes for peace and security, our obligations to ourselves as well as others, all require us to make this effort, to solve these mysteries, to solve them for the good of all men, and to become the world's leading space-faring nation.

簡而(er)言之(zhi)，我們(men)(men)(men)在科(ke)學和(he)(he)工業(ye)上的(de)領(ling)(ling)導地位，我們(men)(men)(men)對于和(he)(he)平與安全的(de)渴望，我們(men)(men)(men)對于自(zi)身和(he)(he)他人(ren)的(de)責任(ren)，它們(men)(men)(men)要求我們(men)(men)(men)做出努(nu)(nu)力，為了全人(ren)類(lei)的(de)利益而(er)努(nu)(nu)力解開這些謎團，成為世(shi)界領(ling)(ling)先的(de)航天國家。

We set sail on this new sea because there is new knowledge to be gained, and new rights to be won, and they must be won and used for the progress of all people.

為(wei)了(le)獲取新(xin)知(zhi)識，贏得新(xin)權(quan)利(li)，我(wo)(wo)們(men)在這全新(xin)的領域內揚帆起航(hang)(hang)。我(wo)(wo)們(men)必須獲取并運用權(quan)利(li)。為(wei)了(le)全人類(lei)的進步(bu)，我(wo)(wo)們(men)踏上新(xin)的航(hang)(hang)程。

For space science, like nuclear science and all technology, has no conscience of its own.

空(kong)間科學，正如核科學以及其他一切科技，本(ben)身并無道德可言。

Whether it will become a force for good or ill depends on man, and only if the United States occupies a position of preeminence can we help decide whether this new ocean will be a sea of peace or a new terrifying theater of war.

它的(de)善(shan)惡完全取決于人類。并(bing)且只有(you)當美利堅(jian)合眾(zhong)國獲得(de)一(yi)個卓越的(de)地位之時，才(cai)能幫(bang)助決定這片(pian)新(xin)的(de)領域(yu)最終(zhong)成(cheng)(cheng)為和平(ping)的(de)海洋還是變成(cheng)(cheng)另一(yi)個恐怖(bu)的(de)戰(zhan)爭悲劇。

I do not say that we should or will go unprotected against the hostile misuse of space any more than we go unprotected against the hostile use of land or sea, but I do say that space can be explored and mastered without feeding the fires of war, without repeating the mistakes that man has made in extending his writ around this globe of ours.

我不認為我們應該(gai)或者(zhe)必須對敵人(ren)(ren)濫用太空(kong)比(bi)對敵人(ren)(ren)濫用陸地(di)和(he)(he)海(hai)洋更加(jia)無動于衷。但(dan)是我確(que)實要說(shuo)，太空(kong)能夠避免在(zai)被戰火吞噬的情況下，在(zai)不重蹈(dao)戰爭覆轍的情況下開發和(he)(he)利用。

There is no strife, no prejudice, no national conflict in outer space as yet.

在太空還沒有競爭，偏(pian)見和國(guo)家(jia)沖突。

Its hazards are hostile to us all.

我們所有人都(dou)要(yao)面對太空的危險。

Its conquest deserves the best of all mankind, and its opportunity for peaceful cooperation may never come again.

太空值得全(quan)人類盡(jin)最大的力(li)量征服(fu)，而且(qie)和平合作的機會可能永遠不會重來。

But why, some say, the moon?

但有人問，為什么選擇登月？

Why choose this as our goal?

為(wei)什么選擇登月作為(wei)我們(men)的目(mu)標？

And they may well ask why climb the highest mountain?

那(nei)他們也許會(hui)問為什么我們要(yao)登上最高(gao)的山峰(feng)？

Why, 35 years ago, fly the Atlantic?

為什么(me)，要在35年前(qian)，飛(fei)越大西洋？

Why does Rice play Texas?

為(wei)什么賴斯大學要與(yu)德克薩斯大學競賽？

We choose to go to the moon.

我們決定登月。

We choose to go to the moon.

我們決定登月。

We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win, and the others, too.

我們(men)(men)決定在這(zhe)(zhe)十年間(jian)登上月(yue)球(qiu)并(bing)實現更多夢(meng)想，并(bing)非它們(men)(men)輕而(er)易舉，而(er)正是因為(wei)(wei)它們(men)(men)困難重重。因為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)目標將促進(jin)我們(men)(men)實現最佳(jia)的(de)組織并(bing)測試我們(men)(men)頂尖的(de)技術和力(li)量，因為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)挑(tiao)(tiao)戰(zhan)我們(men)(men)樂于(yu)接(jie)受，因為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)挑(tiao)(tiao)戰(zhan)我們(men)(men)不愿推遲，因為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)挑(tiao)(tiao)戰(zhan)我們(men)(men)志在必(bi)得，其他的(de)挑(tiao)(tiao)戰(zhan)也是如此。

It is for these reasons that I regard the decision last year to shift our efforts in space from low to high gear as among the most important decisions that will be made during my incumbency in the office of the Presidency.

正是因為(wei)這些理由，我(wo)決(jue)定(ding)將(jiang)去年關于提升航天計劃的(de)決(jue)定(ding)作為(wei)我(wo)在本(ben)屆總統任期內最重要(yao)的(de)決(jue)定(ding)之一。

In the last 24 hours we have seen facilities now being created for the greatest and most complex exploration in man's history.

在過去的24小(xiao)時(shi)里我們看(kan)到一些設施已經(jing)為人類歷史上最偉大而(er)復雜的探險而(er)建立起來。

We have felt the ground shake and the air shattered by the testing of a Saturn C-1 booster rocket, many times as powerful as the Atlas which launched John Glenn, generating power equivalent to 10,000 automobiles with their accelerators on the floor.

我們(men)感受(shou)到了土星(xing)C-1火(huo)箭(jian)試驗(yan)產生(sheng)的震動(dong)和沖擊，它比把約(yue)翰·格倫(lun)送入太空的擎天神(shen)火(huo)箭(jian)還要強(qiang)大好幾倍，可以產生(sheng)相當于1萬(wan)輛(liang)汽車(che)的功率。

We have seen the site where five F-1 rocket engines, each one as powerful as all eight engines of the Saturn combined, will be clustered together to make the advanced Saturn missile, assembled in a new building to be built at Cape Canaveral as tall as a 48-storey structure, as wide as a city block, and as long as two lengths of this field.

我(wo)們(men)看到了5個F-1火箭引擎，每一(yi)個都相當于8個土星火箭引擎的功率，它們(men)將(jiang)會用于建造更先進的土星火箭，在(zai)卡納維(wei)拉(la)爾角即(ji)將(jiang)興建的48層大樓(lou)中組裝(zhuang)起來。這(zhe)幢(chuang)建筑寬一(yi)個街區，長(chang)度超(chao)過(guo)我(wo)們(men)現在(zai)所在(zai)的這(zhe)個體育(yu)場的兩倍。

Within these last 19 months at least 45 satellites have circled the earth. Some 40 of them were made in the United States of America and they were far more sophisticated and supplied far more knowledge to the people of the world than those of the Soviet Union.

在(zai)過去的(de)19個月里至少(shao)有45顆衛(wei)(wei)星(xing)進入地球軌道，其中大約40顆標著“美利堅合眾國制造(zao)”的(de)標記，它們比蘇聯的(de)衛(wei)(wei)星(xing)更(geng)(geng)加精密，能為世(shi)界人民提供更(geng)(geng)多的(de)知識。

The Mariner spacecraft now on its way to Venus is the most intricate instrument in the history of space science.

正在飛向(xiang)金星的水手號飛船是空間科學史上最復雜的裝置。

The accuracy of that shot is comparable to firing a missile from Cape Canaveral and dropping it in this stadium between the 40-yard lines.

其(qi)精確程度比得上在(zai)卡(ka)納維拉(la)爾角發射的一枚導彈直接擊中這個體育場(chang)的40碼線之(zhi)間。

Transit satellites are helping our ships at sea to steer a safer course.

海(hai)事衛星將使海(hai)上的(de)船只航(hang)行更加(jia)安全(quan)。

Tiros satellites have given us unprecedented warnings of hurricanes and storms, and will do the same for forest fires and icebergs.

氣象衛星可以提前(qian)帶(dai)給我們颶風與風暴預警，它同樣(yang)也可以用于森林火災與冰山預警。

We have had our failures, but so have others, even if they do not admit them.

我們(men)經(jing)歷過(guo)(guo)失敗，但(dan)是(shi)別人也經(jing)歷過(guo)(guo)，即便他們(men)不會承認。

And they may be less public.

因此它們可能并不為人所知(zhi)。

To be sure, we are behind, and will be behind for some time in manned flight.

顯然(ran)，我們正(zheng)落后于人，并且在載人航天(tian)方面還將繼續落后一段時間。

But we do not intend to stay behind, and in this decade, we shall make up and move ahead.

但是我們絕不會(hui)處于下風(feng)，在(zai)這十(shi)年間，我們將會(hui)迎頭趕上。

The growth of our science and education will be enriched by new knowledge of our universe and environment, by new techniques of learning and mapping and observation, by new tools and computers for industry, medicine, the home as well as the school.

我(wo)們在科學和(he)教(jiao)(jiao)育獲(huo)得的進展將(jiang)豐富我(wo)們關于(yu)宇宙與環境的新知(zhi)識(shi)，新經驗，繪圖(tu)與觀測技術，用于(yu)工(gong)業(ye)，醫(yi)學和(he)家庭的新工(gong)具和(he)計算(suan)機，所有的一切(qie)都將(jiang)促進科學和(he)教(jiao)(jiao)育的發展。

Technical institutions, such as Rice, will reap the harvest of these gains.

像賴斯大學這(zhe)樣(yang)的技(ji)術院校將會因此(ci)受益(yi)。

And finally, the space effort itself, while still in its infancy, has already created a great number of new companies, and tens of thousands of new jobs.

最終，盡管航天事業本身仍(reng)然處于童年，它已經(jing)催生了許多公(gong)司和(he)數以千計的(de)新興工作。

Space and related industries are generating new demands in investment and skilled personnel, and this city and this state, and this region, will share greatly in this growth.

航天(tian)與其(qi)他相關工(gong)業對投資(zi)和(he)特殊技(ji)術人員產生了新的(de)需求。并且這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)市，這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)州(zhou)和(he)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)地(di)區將會極大地(di)受(shou)益于(yu)這(zhe)種增(zeng)長。

What was once the furthest outpost on the old frontier of the West will be the furthest outpost on the new frontier of science and space.

西部的舊邊界(jie)(jie)將會(hui)成為(wei)空(kong)間科學的新邊界(jie)(jie)。

Houston, your city of Houston, with its Manned Spacecraft Center, will become the heart of a large scientific and engineering community.

休(xiu)(xiu)斯(si)敦，你(ni)們的(de)(de)(de)休(xiu)(xiu)斯(si)敦市，以及它的(de)(de)(de)載人(ren)航天中心，將會成為(wei)一個巨(ju)大的(de)(de)(de)科學與工程共同體的(de)(de)(de)命(ming)脈。

During the next 5 years the National Aeronautics and Space Administration expects to double the number of scientists and engineers in this area, to increase its outlays for salaries and expenses to $60 million a year; to invest some $200 million in plant and laboratory facilities; and to direct or contract for new space efforts over $1 billion from this center in this city.

接下來5年，國家航空(kong)航天局希望這里的科學家和工程師(shi)數量(liang)翻倍，希望將工資(zi)和開(kai)支提(ti)高到(dao)每年6千萬(wan)美元，希望在工廠(chang)和實(shi)驗(yan)設施上得到(dao)2億美元的投資(zi)，希望指導或與這個城市的航天中(zhong)心簽訂超過10億美元的合同。

To be sure, all this costs us all a good deal of money.

顯而(er)易(yi)見(jian)，這(zhe)些會(hui)花掉我們一大筆錢(qian)。

This year's space budget is three times what it was in January 1961, and it is greater than the space budget of the previous eight years combined.

今年的航天預(yu)算是1961年元月(yue)的三倍(bei)，比過去(qu)八年的總和還要多(duo)。

That budget now stands at $5,400 million a year--a staggering sum, though somewhat less than we pay for cigarettes and cigars every year.

預算現在保持在每年54億(yi)美元(yuan)――一個令人(ren)震驚的(de)數目，盡(jin)管還稍小于我們在香(xiang)煙和雪茄(qie)上所(suo)消耗(hao)的(de)年消費額。

Space expenditures will soon rise some more, from 40 cents per person per week to more than 50 cents a week for every man, woman and child in the United States, for we have given this program a high national priority--even though I realize that this is in some measure an act of faith and vision, for we do not now know what benefits await us.

航天支出(chu)很快就會(hui)從全國人均每周40美分(fen)上升到每周50美分(fen)，因為我(wo)們賦予(yu)了這(zhe)個計劃極高的國家優先(xian)權――即使我(wo)認識到，目(mu)前(qian)這(zhe)個目(mu)標從某(mou)種程度上來說還停(ting)留在信(xin)念與夢想中，因為我(wo)們無從知曉(xiao)人們將會(hui)從中獲得怎樣的收(shou)益。

But if I were to say, my fellow citizens, that we shall send to the moon, 240,000 miles away from the control station in Houston, a giant rocket more than 300 feet tall, the length of this football field, made of new metal alloys, some of which have not yet been invented, capable of standing heat and stresses several times more than have ever been experienced, fitted together with a precision better than the finest watch, carrying all the equipment needed for propulsion, guidance, control, communications, food and survival, on an untried mission, to an unknown celestial body, and then return it safely to earth, re-entering the atmosphere at speeds of over 25,000 miles per hour, causing heat about half that of the temperature of the sun--almost as hot as it is here today--and do all this, and do it right, and do it first before this decade is out--then we must be bold.

但是(shi)我(wo)想說(shuo)，我(wo)的(de)(de)(de)同胞們(men)。讓我(wo)們(men)向那(nei)個(ge)距離(li)休斯(si)敦控(kong)制(zhi)中心遠隔24萬(wan)英里(li)的(de)(de)(de)月(yue)球(qiu)發(fa)射(she)一(yi)枚超過 300 英尺(chi)高，與(yu)這(zhe)個(ge)橄欖球(qiu)場長度相當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)火箭(jian)。這(zhe)枚火箭(jian)采用(yong)了(le)新型合金(jin)材(cai)料，其耐熱(re)(re)性與(yu)抗(kang)壓性比(bi)現在(zai)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料強好(hao)幾倍，只是(shi)個(ge)別(bie)部分(fen)還是(shi)未知數(shu)。其裝(zhuang)配的(de)(de)(de)精密程度堪比(bi)最精確(que)的(de)(de)(de)手表。它運載著用(yong)于推進，導航，控(kong)制(zhi)，通訊，食品(pin)和維生的(de)(de)(de)各種設備，肩(jian)負著前所未有的(de)(de)(de)使命，登上那(nei)個(ge)未知的(de)(de)(de)天體，之后安全返(fan)回(hui)地(di)球(qiu)。以超過2萬(wan)5千英里(li)的(de)(de)(de)時速重(zhong)返(fan)大氣層，由(you)此(ci)產生的(de)(de)(de)高溫大約是(shi)太陽(yang)溫度的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)半，像(xiang)此(ci)時此(ci)地(di)一(yi)樣熱(re)(re)――如果(guo)我(wo)們(men)要在(zai)這(zhe)10年間，正確(que)地(di)實現這(zhe)些(xie)目標――那(nei)我(wo)們(men)必須敢做敢為(wei)。

I'm the one who is doing all the work, so we just want you to stay cool for a minute.

我一(yi)個人(ren)做(zuo)了所有這些(xie)工(gong)作(zuo)，所以(yi)我們(men)想讓你們(men)冷靜一(yi)會。

However, I think we're going to do it, and I think that we must pay what needs to be paid.

然而，我認為我們(men)正(zheng)在(zai)付(fu)諸實踐，我們(men)必須(xu)為所必為。

I don't think we ought to waste any money, but I think we ought to do the job.

我(wo)并不(bu)覺得我(wo)們應該浪費錢，但我(wo)認為(wei)我(wo)們應該付諸(zhu)實踐(jian)。

And this will be done in the decade of the Sixties.

這些應(ying)該(gai)在60年代實現。

It may be done while some of you are still here at school at this college and university.

它有可能在(zai)你們(men)還在(zai)中(zhong)學(xue)，這(zhe)所學(xue)院或大學(xue)時(shi)實現(xian)。

It will be done during the terms of office of some of the people who sit here on this platform.

它將會在(zai)臺上諸位的(de)任(ren)期之內(nei)實現。

But it will be done. And it will be done before the end of this decade.

它(ta)必將完成，并且應當(dang)在(zai)這十(shi)年結束之前完成。

And I am delighted that this university is playing a part in putting a man on the moon as part of a great national effort of the United States of America.

我很高興這(zhe)所大學能夠(gou)作為載人(ren)登月(yue)工(gong)程的一部分，能夠(gou)作為美利堅(jian)合眾國國家事業的一部分。

Many years ago the great British explorer George Mallory, who was to die on Mount Everest, was asked why did he want to climb it. He said, "Because it is there."

很多(duo)年前，偉(wei)大的英國探險家喬(qiao)治(zhi)·馬拉里在攀(pan)登珠(zhu)穆朗瑪(ma)峰時(shi)遇難。曾經有人問(wen)他(ta)為什么要攀(pan)登珠(zhu)峰，他(ta)回答說，“因為它就在那兒(er)。”

Well, space is there, and we're going to climb it, and the moon and the planets are there, and new hopes for knowledge and peace are there.

好的(de)(de)，太(tai)空就在(zai)那(nei)兒，而我們將投入探索。月球和(he)其他星球就在(zai)那(nei)兒，獲(huo)得知識與和(he)平的(de)(de)新(xin)希望就在(zai)那(nei)兒。

And, therefore, as we set sail we ask God's blessing on the most hazardous and dangerous and greatest adventure on which man has ever embarked.

因此，在(zai)我們啟程之(zhi)時，我們祈(qi)求上帝能夠(gou)保佑這個人類有史以來所從事的最(zui)具風險，危險與最(zui)偉大的歷險。

Thank you.

謝謝你們。

英文原版

President Pitzer, Mr. Vice President, Governor, Congressman Thomas, Senator Wiley, and Congressman Miller, Mr. Webb, Mr. Bell, scientists, distinguished guests, and ladies and gentlemen:

I appreciate your president having made me an honorary visiting professor, and I will assure you that my first lecture will be very brief.

I am delighted to be here and I'm particularly delighted to be here on this occasion.

No man can fully grasp how far and how fast we have come, but condense, if you will, the 50 thousand years of man's recorded history in a time span of but a half-century. Stated in these terms, we know very little about the first 40 years, except at the end of them advanced man had learned to use the skins of animals to cover them. Then about 10 years ago, under this standard, man emerged from his caves to construct other kinds of shelter. Only five years ago man learned to write and use a cart with wheels. Christianity began less than two years ago. The printing press came this year, and then less than two months ago, during this whole 50-year span of human history, the steam engine provided a new source of power. Newton explored the meaning of gravity. Last month electric lights and telephones and automobiles and airplanes became available. Only last week did we develop penicillin and television and nuclear power, and now if America's new spacecraft succeeds in reaching Venus, we will have literally reached the stars before midnight tonight.

This is a breathtaking pace, and such a pace cannot help but create new ills as it dispels old, new ignorance, new problems, new dangers. Surely the opening vistas of space promise high costs and hardships, as well as high reward.

So it is not surprising that some would have us stay where we are a little longer to rest, to wait. But this city of Houston, this state of Texas, this country of the United States was not built by those who waited and rested and wished to look behind them. This country was conquered by those who moved forward—and so will space.

If this capsule history of our progress teaches us anything, it is that man, in his quest for knowledge and progress, is determined and cannot be deterred. The exploration of space will go ahead, whether we join in it or not, and it is one of the great adventures of all time, and no nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in this race for space.

Those who came before us made certain that this country rode the first waves of the industrial revolution, the first waves of modern invention, and the first wave of nuclear power, and this generation does not intend to founder in the backwash of the coming age of space. We mean to be a part of it—we mean to lead it. For the eyes of the world now look into space, to the moon and to the planets beyond, and we have vowed that we shall not see it governed by a hostile flag of conquest, but by a banner of freedom and peace. We have vowed that we shall not see space filled with weapons of mass destruction, but with instruments of knowledge and understanding.

Yet the vows of this Nation can only be fulfilled if we in this Nation are first, and, therefore, we intend to be first. In short, our leadership in science and industry, our hopes for peace and security, our obligations to ourselves as well as others, all require us to make this effort, to solve these mysteries, to solve them for the good of all men, and to become the world's leading space-faring nation.

We set sail on this new sea because there is new knowledge to be gained, and new rights to be won, and they must be won and used for the progress of all people. For space science, like nuclear science and all technology, has no conscience of its own. Whether it will become a force for good or ill depends on man, and only if the United States occupies a position of pre-eminence can we help decide whether this new ocean will be a sea of peace or a new terrifying theater of war. I do not say that we should or will go unprotected against the hostile misuse of space any more than we go unprotected against the hostile use of land or sea, but I do say that space can be explored and mastered without feeding the fires of war, without repeating the mistakes that man has made in extending his writ around this globe of ours.

There is no strife, no prejudice, no national conflict in outer space as yet. Its hazards are hostile to us all. Its conquest deserves the best of all mankind, and its opportunity for peaceful cooperation may never come again.But why, some say, the Moon? Why choose this as our goal? And they may well ask, why climb the highest mountain? Why, 35 years ago, fly the Atlantic? Why does Rice play Texas?

We choose to go to the Moon! We choose to go to the Moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard; because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one we intend to win, and the others, too.

In the last 24 hours we have seen facilities now being created for the greatest and most complex exploration in man's history. We have felt the ground shake and the air shattered by the testing of a Saturn C-1 booster rocket, many times as powerful as the Atlas which launched John Glenn, generating power equivalent to 10 thousand automobiles with their accelerators on the floor. We have seen the site where five F-1 rocket engines, each one as powerful as all eight engines of the Saturn combined, will be clustered together to make the advanced Saturn missile, assembled in a new building to be built at Cape Canaveral as tall as a 48 story structure, as wide as a city block, and as long as two lengths of this field.

The Mariner spacecraft... (interrupted by applause) the Mariner spacecraft now on its way to Venus is the most intricate instrument in the history of space science. The accuracy of that shot is comparable to firing a missile from Cape Canaveral and dropping it in this stadium between the 40-yard lines.

Transit satellites are helping our ships at sea to steer a safer course. Tiros satellites have given us unprecedented warnings of hurricanes and storms, and will do the same for forest fires and icebergs.

We have had our failures, but so have others, even if they do not admit them. And they may be less public.

To be sure,... (interrupted by applause) to be sure, we are behind, and will be behind for some time in manned flight. But we do not intend to stay behind, and in this decade, we shall make up and move ahead.

And finally, the space effort itself, while still in its infancy, has already created a great number of new companies, and tens of thousands of new jobs. Space and related industries are generating new demands in investment and skilled personnel, and this city and this state, and this region, will share greatly in this growth. What was once the furthest outpost on the old frontier of the West will be the furthest outpost on the new frontier of science and space. Houston, (interrupted by applause) your city of Houston, with its Manned Spacecraft Center, will become the heart of a large scientific and engineering community. During the next 5 years the National Aeronautics and Space Administration expects to double the number of scientists and engineers in this area, to increase its outlays for salaries and expenses to 60 million dollars a year; to invest some 200 million dollars in plant and laboratory facilities; and to direct or contract for new space efforts over 1 billion dollars from this center in this city.

To be sure, all this costs us all a good deal of money. This year's space budget is three times what it was in January 1961, and it is greater than the space budget of the previous eight years combined. That budget now stands at 5 billion 400 million dollars a year—a staggering sum, though somewhat less than we pay for cigarettes and cigars every year. Space expenditures will soon rise some more, from 40 cents per person per week to more than 50 cents a week for every man, woman and child in the United States, for we have given this program a high national priority—even though I realize that this is in some measure an act of faith and vision, for we do not now know what benefits await us. But if I were to say, my fellow citizens, that we shall send to the moon, 240 thousand miles away from the control station in Houston, a giant rocket more than 300 feet tall, the length of this football field, made of new metal alloys, some of which have not yet been invented, capable of standing heat and stresses several times more than have ever been experienced, fitted together with a precision better than the finest watch, carrying all the equipment needed for propulsion, guidance, control, communications, food and survival, on an untried mission, to an unknown celestial body, and then return it safely to earth, re-entering the atmosphere at speeds of over 25 thousand miles per hour, causing heat about half that of the temperature of the sun—almost as hot as it is here today—and do all this, and do it right, and do it first before this decade is out—then we must be bold.

I'm the one who is doing all the work, so we just want you to stay cool for a minute.

However, I think we're going to do it, and I think that we must pay what needs to be paid. I don't think we ought to waste any money, but I think we ought to do the job. And this will be done in the decade of the Sixties. It may be done while some of you are still here at school at this college and university. It will be done during the terms of office of some of the people who sit here on this platform. But it will be done. And it will be done before the end of this decade.

And I am delighted that this university is playing a part in putting a man on the moon as part of a great national effort of the United States of America.

Many years ago the great British explorer George Mallory, who was to die on Mount Everest, was asked why did he want to climb it. He said, "Because it is there."

Well, space is there, and we're going to climb it, and the moon and the planets are there, and new hopes for knowledge and peace are there. And, therefore, as we set sail we ask God's blessing on the most hazardous and dangerous and greatest adventure on which man has ever embarked.

Thank you.

背景介紹

1961年1月(yue)，約翰·肯尼(ni)迪當選(xuan)美(mei)國總(zong)統，當時(shi)由(you)于(yu)蘇(su)聯在(zai)將近4年前就成(cheng)功(gong)發(fa)射了第(di)一顆(ke)人造(zao)衛星斯(si)普特尼(ni)克1號等原因，許多美(mei)國人認為在(zai)與蘇(su)聯的(de)太空(kong)競(jing)賽中(zhong)美(mei)國正在(zai)失利。1961年4月(yue)12日，俄羅斯(si)宇航員(yuan)尤利·加(jia)加(jia)林趕在(zai)美(mei)國水星計劃成(cheng)功(gong)之前成(cheng)為太空(kong)第(di)一人使得這種觀念越發(fa)強烈。

因此，美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)急(ji)需一種(zhong)能展現空(kong)間技術實力(li)的(de)(de)尖端成(cheng)就。為此肯尼迪任命副總統Lyndon B.Johnson擔任國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)航空(kong)航天(tian)委員(yuan)會主席，以選擇他們(men)的(de)(de)目(mu)標。他特別要(yao)求調查在“建造(zao)空(kong)間實驗(yan)室”“載(zai)人(ren)繞月飛(fei)行(xing)”和(he)(he)(he)“載(zai)人(ren)登月”這(zhe)(zhe)些計劃(hua)中擊敗蘇(su)聯的(de)(de)可能性，及它(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)成(cheng)本。約翰遜咨(zi)詢了(le)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)航空(kong)航天(tian)局（NASA）的(de)(de)官員(yuan)。NASA局長詹姆斯·韋伯給(gei)出的(de)(de)回答是(shi)(shi)：美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)沒有機會趕在蘇(su)聯之前建造(zao)空(kong)間站，是(shi)(shi)否(fou)能率先進行(xing)載(zai)人(ren)繞月飛(fei)行(xing)則很(hen)難說，因此載(zai)人(ren)登月是(shi)(shi)最好的(de)(de)選擇，這(zhe)(zhe)也是(shi)(shi)最昂貴的(de)(de)選擇。同時(shi)韋伯認為在1970年前實現這(zhe)(zhe)一目(mu)標需要(yao)耗費220億美(mei)(mei)元。約翰遜還(huan)咨(zi)詢了(le)馮·布(bu)勞恩和(he)(he)(he)行(xing)業三個巨頭：CBS的(de)(de)弗蘭克(ke)·斯坦頓，美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)電力(li)公司的(de)(de)唐納(na)德·C·庫克(ke)和(he)(he)(he)KBR的(de)(de)喬治·R·布(bu)朗的(de)(de)意見。

1961年5月(yue)25日(ri)，肯尼迪總(zong)統發表《關于國家緊急需求向國會的報告》提議“我相(xiang)信現(xian)在到了這(zhe)(zhe)個國家兌(dui)現(xian)承諾的時刻，去完成這(zhe)(zhe)個目標：在這(zhe)(zhe)10年結(jie)束(shu)前(qian)，將人類送上(shang)月(yue)球(qiu)，并安全返回地球(qiu)。”而此時有58%的美國人反對這(zhe)(zhe)一計劃(hua)。

1962年(nian)肯尼(ni)迪(di)發表該講話，旨在鼓勵美國(guo)人民支持阿波羅計劃。