斯特(te)拉文斯基(ji)(Stravinsky)的(de)(de)舞(wu)劇《士兵(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)故(gu)事(shi)》(L'histoire du Soldat),作品無編(bian)號,取(qu)材(cai)于俄國士兵(bing)(bing)中流(liu)行的(de)(de)民間(jian)故(gu)事(shi),由拉繆作腳(jiao)本,表現的(de)(de)是士兵(bing)(bing)與奪取(qu)他(ta)靈魂的(de)(de)惡魔作斗爭(zheng)的(de)(de)故(gu)事(shi),作于1918年(nian),該年(nian)9月(yue)28日由安塞美指(zhi)揮首演。
這(zhe)部舞(wu)劇(ju)的(de)(de)劇(ju)情(qing)為(wei):一(yi)名(ming)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)利(li)用半(ban)月休(xiu)假回(hui)鄉探親,在河邊坐下拉(la)起小(xiao)提琴(qin)(qin)(qin),化(hua)妝成(cheng)(cheng)小(xiao)老(lao)頭的(de)(de)惡(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)聞聲而(er)來,愿以(yi)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)法之(zhi)書與士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)交(jiao)換(huan)小(xiao)提琴(qin)(qin)(qin)。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)答應,并去老(lao)頭家(jia)(jia)過了3天,這(zhe)3天實為(wei)3年(nian),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)回(hui)家(jia)(jia),未婚妻已(yi)與別人(ren)結婚生(sheng)子。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)絕望后,用魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)法書而(er)發財(cai)成(cheng)(cheng)了富翁,但他一(yi)點也不(bu)幸福,于是出門冒險。有一(yi)天來到一(yi)個(ge)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia),正逢(feng)公主(zhu)患(huan)病而(er)不(bu)吃不(bu)喝(he),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)前(qian)去醫治,想治好娶她為(wei)妻。在路上碰上為(wei)相(xiang)同(tong)目的(de)(de)的(de)(de)惡(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),惡(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)欲以(yi)小(xiao)提琴(qin)(qin)(qin)醫公主(zhu)之(zhi)疾,但在玩紙牌時(shi)把小(xiao)提琴(qin)(qin)(qin)輸(shu)給(gei)(gei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)以(yi)他的(de)(de)小(xiao)提琴(qin)(qin)(qin)給(gei)(gei)公主(zhu)演奏(zou)各種舞(wu)曲,治愈了公主(zhu)的(de)(de)病,兩(liang)人(ren)欣喜若狂。惡(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)嫉妒而(er)咒士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)不(bu)能離(li)開這(zhe)個(ge)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)因想念故鄉而(er)邀公主(zhu)一(yi)起返鄉,剛跨出國(guo)(guo)境就被惡(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)俘(fu)獲,最(zui)后以(yi)惡(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)凱旋告(gao)終。全劇(ju)音樂(le)(le)包括:第(di)一(yi)部:1.士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)進(jin)行曲,表(biao)(biao)現士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)爬山涉水,走向(xiang)故鄉的(de)(de)情(qing)景(jing)(jing),結束(shu)進(jin)行曲后,表(biao)(biao)現蹣(man)跚步行的(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)稍作(zuo)休(xiu)息的(de)(de)場景(jing)(jing)。2.第(di)一(yi)景(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)音樂(le)(le),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)與小(xiao)提琴(qin)(qin)(qin)。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在小(xiao)河邊休(xiu)息,朗誦獨白“真是一(yi)個(ge)寥無人(ren)跡的(de)(de)地方(fang),我是一(yi)名(ming)貧窮(qiong)的(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)”。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)取出小(xiao)提琴(qin)(qin)(qin)拉(la)琴(qin)(qin)(qin),低音管(guan)奏(zou)惡(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)主(zhu)題,幕拉(la)上后,惡(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)上場。3.第(di)二景(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)音樂(le)(le),惡(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)與士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)對話,單簧管(guan)代(dai)表(biao)(biao)惡(e)(e)(e)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),低音管(guan)代(dai)表(biao)(biao)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)起先拒絕誘惑,以(yi)田園風(feng)格的(de)(de)旋律應答。單簧管(guan)再次表(biao)(biao)示(shi)誘惑,表(biao)(biao)示(shi)愿以(yi)魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)法書來作(zuo)交(jiao)換(huan)。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)起先不(bu)愿意(yi),2件樂(le)(le)器巧(qiao)妙應答后,終以(yi)同(tong)一(yi)調合(he)奏(zou)牧(mu)歌,表(biao)(biao)示(shi)達(da)成(cheng)(cheng)了協議(yi)。4.第(di)三景(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)音樂(le)(le),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)用力擲出小(xiao)提琴(qin)(qin)(qin),帶著魔(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)法書的(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)回(hui)到故鄉,故鄉情(qing)景(jing)(jing)已(yi)不(bu)是當年(nian)模樣。
魔(mo)法書使士兵變為富翁(weng),但他卻(que)并不感幸福,小號動機表現(xian)士兵撕碎了魔(mo)法書,出門去尋找魔(mo)鬼。
第(di)二(er)部(bu):1.士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)進行(xing)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)(xian)士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)又出門冒險(xian),朗誦“士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)爬山涉水向(xiang)前走(zou)”,“他甚至不知道(dao)自己的(de)(de)(de)去向(xiang)”。2.國王進行(xing)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)(xian)士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)宮(gong)中(zhong)拜見國王的(de)(de)(de)情景(jing)。以(yi)巴索多布萊(Paso doble)調表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)(xian)宮(gong)廷氣氛,單簧管(guan)(guan)以(yi)上(shang)行(xing)琶音(yin)(yin)(yin)表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)(xian)惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)在(zai)場。單簧管(guan)(guan)及低音(yin)(yin)(yin)管(guan)(guan)表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)(xian)裝扮成小(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)琴高手的(de)(de)(de)惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)對(dui)(dui)士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)嘲諷后,長號(hao)奏(zou)(zou)(zou)(zou)莊嚴的(de)(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)動機。3.小(xiao)(xiao)小(xiao)(xiao)音(yin)(yin)(yin)樂(le)會,士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)從惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)手中(zhong)奪(duo)回小(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)琴,開始(shi)演奏(zou)(zou)(zou)(zou),這是為(wei)(wei)公主演奏(zou)(zou)(zou)(zou)的(de)(de)(de)第(di)一首(shou)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)子,所以(yi)還沒(mei)有效果。中(zhong)途出現(xian)(xian)(xian)惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)動機的(de)(de)(de)反行(xing)。4.3首(shou)舞曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),表(biao)(biao)現(xian)(xian)(xian)士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)為(wei)(wei)公主的(de)(de)(de)演奏(zou)(zou)(zou)(zou),先為(wei)(wei)探戈舞曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),在(zai)打擊樂(le)節奏(zou)(zou)(zou)(zou)下,小(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)琴奏(zou)(zou)(zou)(zou)幽默的(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)律;接(jie)著(zhu)為(wei)(wei)圓舞曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),再為(wei)(wei)繁音(yin)(yin)(yin)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。5.惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)之舞,惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)終(zhong)于敗在(zai)士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)琴技巧(qiao)下,惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)不甘(gan)心地爬起(qi)(qi)來窺視(shi)士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)破綻,士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)再拿(na)出小(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)琴開始(shi)演奏(zou)(zou)(zou)(zou),惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)隨音(yin)(yin)(yin)樂(le)起(qi)(qi)舞,終(zhong)于跳得精疲力竭(jie)而倒地。6.小(xiao)(xiao)圣詠(yong)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)與(yu)公主擁(yong)抱,4把(ba)管(guan)(guan)樂(le)器(qi)以(yi)對(dui)(dui)位(wei)奏(zou)(zou)(zou)(zou)類似古代旋(xuan)律法的(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)律。7.惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)之歌,為(wei)(wei)失敗的(de)(de)(de)惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)發出的(de)(de)(de)咒語(yu)伴奏(zou)(zou)(zou)(zou)的(de)(de)(de)音(yin)(yin)(yin)樂(le)。8.大圣詠(yong)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),4把(ba)管(guan)(guan)樂(le)器(qi)合奏(zou)(zou)(zou)(zou)抒情主題,士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)告訴公主有關故鄉(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)一切,音(yin)(yin)(yin)樂(le)籠罩(zhao)在(zai)思鄉(xiang)情緒之中(zhong)。9.惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)凱旋(xuan)進行(xing)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),描(miao)寫惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)抓住(zhu)正(zheng)要跨越國境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)時的(de)(de)(de)得意洋(yang)(yang)洋(yang)(yang)情景(jing),結(jie)尾以(yi)東(dong)方神(shen)秘(mi)感,既暗示(shi)惡魔(mo)(mo)(mo)蹤跡,也表(biao)(biao)示(shi)對(dui)(dui)人類命(ming)運的(de)(de)(de)譏諷。
這部舞劇全(quan)劇的版本可選(xuan):1.馬(ma)克維奇指揮帕里金安(Parikian)合(he)奏(zou)團(Cocteau朗(lang)誦)版,Philips,CD編(bian)號(hao)(hao)(hao)438 973-2(2張(zhang),+斯(si)(si)(si)特拉(la)文(wen)(wen)斯(si)(si)(si)基(ji)《眾神領袖阿波(bo)羅(luo)》、《馬(ma)戲波(bo)爾卡》、第一(yi)、二組曲(qu)(qu)、《詩篇交響曲(qu)(qu)》),《企鵝》評(ping)介三(san)星(xing)(xing)。2.弗倫德(Friend)指揮蘇(su)格蘭室內樂(le)(le)團版(Christopher Lee朗(lang)誦),NIMB,CD編(bian)號(hao)(hao)(hao)NI5063,《企鵝》評(ping)介三(san)星(xing)(xing)。3.布列茲(zi)指揮巴黎(li)現代(dai)音樂(le)(le)團版,Erato,CD編(bian)號(hao)(hao)(hao)4509 98955-2(3張(zhang))。這三(san)張(zhang)唱(chang)片上另有(you)斯(si)(si)(si)特拉(la)文(wen)(wen)斯(si)(si)(si)基(ji)的《夜鶯之(zhi)歌》、《4首(shou)樂(le)(le)隊(dui)練(lian)習(xi)曲(qu)(qu)》、《普爾欽奈拉(la)》、《弦樂(le)(le)四(si)重奏(zou)小品3首(shou)》、自動鋼(gang)琴(qin)練(lian)習(xi)曲(qu)(qu)《馬(ma)德里》、《4首(shou)俄羅(luo)斯(si)(si)(si)農(nong)民歌曲(qu)(qu)》與歌劇《夜鶯》,《企鵝》評(ping)介三(san)星(xing)(xing)保留一(yi)星(xing)(xing)。斯(si)(si)(si)特拉(la)文(wen)(wen)斯(si)(si)(si)基(ji)指揮哥倫比亞交響樂(le)(le)團演(yan)奏(zou)了(le)組曲(qu)(qu),Sony,CD編(bian)號(hao)(hao)(hao)SIVOK 46291(3張(zhang),曲(qu)(qu)目參見《春之(zhi)祭》)。