中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)-中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)峰(feng)(feng)會(hui)(簡稱(cheng)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)峰(feng)(feng)會(hui)”)是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)五(wu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(哈薩克斯(si)坦(tan)(tan)、吉(ji)(ji)爾(er)吉(ji)(ji)斯(si)斯(si)坦(tan)(tan)、塔吉(ji)(ji)克斯(si)坦(tan)(tan)、烏茲別克斯(si)坦(tan)(tan)和土庫(ku)曼斯(si)坦(tan)(tan))建交(jiao)多年來,六國(guo)(guo)(guo)元(yuan)首(shou)首(shou)次以(yi)實體(ti)形式(shi)舉辦(ban)(ban)(ban)的峰(feng)(feng)會(hui),在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)同中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)關(guan)系發(fa)展史上(shang)具有里程碑(bei)意(yi)義(yi),將(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)關(guan)系與(yu)(yu)(yu)合作推向(xiang)新高度,為發(fa)展中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)的關(guan)系進行了(le)(le)頂層(ceng)設(she)計,指明了(le)(le)發(fa)展方向(xiang),創(chuang)建了(le)(le)豐富的合作機制(zhi)。在(zai)(zai)首(shou)屆中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)峰(feng)(feng)會(hui)上(shang),六國(guo)(guo)(guo)領導人(ren)共同簽署了(le)(le)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)-中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)峰(feng)(feng)會(hui)西安宣言》,并通過了(le)(le)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)-中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)峰(feng)(feng)會(hui)成果清單》,并決(jue)定以(yi)舉辦(ban)(ban)(ban)這次峰(feng)(feng)會(hui)為契機,正式(shi)成立中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)—中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)元(yuan)首(shou)會(hui)晤(wu)機制(zhi),每兩年舉辦(ban)(ban)(ban)一次,輪流在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)舉辦(ban)(ban)(ban)。
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)五國(guo)(guo)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的友好鄰邦,是(shi)共建“一帶(dai)一路”、打擊“三(san)股勢力(li)”等諸(zhu)多(duo)領(ling)域的重(zhong)要合作伙(huo)伴。當前,世界進(jin)入新的動蕩變革期,世界和平(ping)與(yu)發展面(mian)臨嚴峻(jun)挑戰。如何在新形(xing)勢下進(jin)一步(bu)推進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)同中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)(guo)家關系,鞏固中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)同中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)合作的成果(guo),提升(sheng)機(ji)制化水平(ping),是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)外交(jiao)面(mian)臨的重(zhong)大課題之一。
2020年7月,“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)+中(zhong)(zhong)亞五國(guo)(guo)”首次外(wai)(wai)長(chang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)(wu)(wu)以視(shi)頻方(fang)式(shi)舉行,各方(fang)商定建(jian)立“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)+中(zhong)(zhong)亞五國(guo)(guo)”外(wai)(wai)長(chang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)(wu)(wu)機制,攜(xie)手應對挑(tiao)戰,描繪發展藍圖,共謀(mou)地區(qu)繁榮。2021年5月舉行的(de)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)+中(zhong)(zhong)亞五國(guo)(guo)”外(wai)(wai)長(chang)第二次會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)(wu)(wu)是新冠肺炎疫(yi)情(qing)期(qi)(qi)間中(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)首次主辦的(de)多(duo)邊外(wai)(wai)長(chang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)議,會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)(wu)(wu)達(da)成(cheng)多(duo)項共識和成(cheng)果(guo)。在全球(qiu)疫(yi)情(qing)肆虐(nve)時期(qi)(qi),六國(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)長(chang)依然風雨無(wu)阻(zu)舉行線(xian)下(xia)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)(wu)(wu),體現各方(fang)對該機制的(de)高度(du)重(zhong)視(shi)和堅定信(xin)心(xin)。
2022年1月(yue),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)五(wu)國(guo)(guo)舉(ju)辦建交30周年視(shi)頻峰會。六國(guo)(guo)元(yuan)首(shou)共(gong)同(tong)宣布打造(zao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)-中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)命(ming)運共(gong)同(tong)體,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)同(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)合作機制應運而(er)生(sheng),雙方戰略互信邁上新臺(tai)階,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)關(guan)系和(he)地區合作發(fa)展呈現前所未有的勃勃生(sheng)機。6月(yue)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)+中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)五(wu)國(guo)(guo)”外(wai)長第(di)三次會晤期間,六國(guo)(guo)一致同(tong)意(yi)建立“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)+中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)五(wu)國(guo)(guo)”元(yuan)首(shou)會晤機制,加(jia)快打造(zao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)-中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)命(ming)運共(gong)同(tong)體。
一、主要合作共識和倡議
1.成(cheng)立中(zhong)國(guo)—中(zhong)亞元首會晤機制;
2.在重點優(you)先合作領域成立(li)部長級會(hui)晤機制(zhi);
3.研究成立中(zhong)國—中(zhong)亞機制常設秘(mi)書處的可行性;
4.加強共(gong)建“一帶一路”倡(chang)(chang)議(yi)同中亞(ya)五國倡(chang)(chang)議(yi)和發展戰略對接;
5.挖掘(jue)中國—中亞電(dian)子商務合(he)作對話機制潛力;
6.推動貿(mao)易(yi)發展,促(cu)進貿(mao)易(yi)結(jie)構多元化,簡化貿(mao)易(yi)程(cheng)序;
7.制定中國—中亞新經濟對話戰略;
8.加快數字(zi)和綠色基(ji)礎(chu)設施聯通;
9.研究(jiu)建立綠色投資重點項(xiang)目數據庫(ku)的可能(neng)性;
10.推動落實中(zhong)國—中(zhong)亞產業(ye)與(yu)投資合作(zuo)青島倡議;
11.升級中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)同中(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)國(guo)家(jia)投資(zi)協定;
12.逐步有序(xu)增開民用客運、貨運航(hang)班(ban);
13.研究(jiu)中國—中亞合作商務(wu)旅行卡可行性;
14.對現有口岸設施進(jin)行現代(dai)化改造;
15.實現邊境口岸農副產品快速通關“綠色通道”全覆蓋(gai);
16.開展國際貿易“單一窗口”互(hu)聯互(hu)通(tong)、促進跨(kua)境通(tong)關便利(li)化;
17.推動中國—中亞交(jiao)通走廊建設(she);
18.推(tui)進途經(jing)阿(a)克套(tao)港(gang)、庫(ku)雷克港(gang)、土(tu)庫(ku)曼巴什港(gang)等海港(gang)的(de)跨里海運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)線路多式(shi)聯(lian)運(yun)(yun)過(guo)境(jing)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu),發揮(hui)鐵(tie)爾梅茲(zi)市的(de)過(guo)境(jing)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)潛力(li);
19.推進中國—中亞鐵(tie)路運(yun)輸;
20.完善交通基礎設(she)施(shi),包括新(xin)建和升(sheng)級改造現有的中國至中亞鐵路(lu)和公(gong)路(lu);
21.完成中吉烏(wu)鐵路(lu)可研工作(zuo),推進該鐵路(lu)加快(kuai)落地建設;
22.保障中吉烏公路暢(chang)通運行(xing);
23.實(shi)現中塔烏(wu)公路和“中國西(xi)(xi)部-歐洲西(xi)(xi)部”公路常態化運營;
24.研究制定從中亞國家往返東南(nan)亞和亞洲其他國家最佳過境運輸(shu)方案的可能性(xing);
25.增加中國(guo)進口中亞農產品種(zhong)類(lei);
26.發展智慧農業(ye)合作,加強(qiang)節水、綠色和其他高效技術應(ying)用和先進經驗(yan)交流;
27.推動在荒漠化土地和鹽堿地治理開發、節水灌溉、病蟲(chong)害防(fang)治、畜牧獸醫等領域開展技術(shu)與(yu)人才交(jiao)流(liu)合作;
28.在農業現代化、建立城鄉生(sheng)產鏈等方(fang)面開(kai)展經驗(yan)交流,落實減貧措施;
29.加強減貧合作,出臺有(you)效社(she)會幫扶政策,開展專家和業務交流;
30.建立(li)中國(guo)—中亞(ya)能源發展伙伴關系(xi);
31.保障中國—中亞天然氣管(guan)道穩(wen)定運(yun)營(ying);
32.開展可(ke)再生能(neng)源領域合(he)作;
33.發展(zhan)中國同中亞(ya)國家地區間合作,促進更多地方結好;
34.開展聯合考古、文化遺產(chan)保護修復(fu)、博物(wu)館交流(liu)、流(liu)失(shi)文物(wu)追索返(fan)還等(deng)合作;
35.中(zhong)方邀請中(zhong)亞五國(guo)參(can)與實施“文化(hua)絲路(lu)”計劃;
36.研(yan)究共(gong)同制定中(zhong)國—中(zhong)亞旅游線路的(de)可能(neng)性;
37.推(tui)動(dong)建設中(zhong)醫藥中(zhong)心,開(kai)展草(cao)藥種植及加(jia)工合作,打造“健康絲綢之(zhi)路”;
38.支(zhi)持關于在(zai)聯合國主導下建立國際生(sheng)物安(an)全(quan)多邊專門機構的倡議;
39.啟動中(zhong)國(guo)同中(zhong)亞(ya)國(guo)家人民文化藝術年(nian)暨中(zhong)國(guo)—中(zhong)亞(ya)青(qing)年(nian)藝術節;
40.推動高校(xiao)和大學生交流,舉(ju)辦青年文化節、論壇(tan)和體育賽(sai)事;
41.各(ge)相關方(fang)將積極(ji)推(tui)動互設文化中心(xin);
42.中(zhong)國向中(zhong)亞(ya)國家(jia)提供政(zheng)府獎學金名額,組(zu)織相關(guan)領域(yu)專業人才赴(fu)華(hua)進修(xiu);
43.推(tui)進“魯班工(gong)坊(fang)”職(zhi)業教育發展(zhan);
44.拓(tuo)展人工智(zhi)能、智(zhi)慧(hui)城市、大數據、云計(ji)算等高新技術領域(yu)合(he)作;
45.實(shi)施綠色措施,減緩(huan)氣候變化影響(xiang);
46.發起中國—中亞綠色低(di)碳發展行(xing)動,深(shen)化綠色發展和應(ying)對氣候變(bian)化領域合作;
47.加強應急(ji)管理部門協作,深化防災減災、安全生產、應急(ji)救援以(yi)及地(di)震科(ke)學技術(shu)等(deng)領域交流合(he)作;
48.實施綠(lv)色技(ji)術領域的地區計劃和(he)項目;
49.研究在聯合國毒品和犯罪問(wen)題辦(ban)公(gong)室參與下(xia)制定聯合禁毒行動計劃的可能(neng)性;
50.組織中國(guo)和中亞影視節(jie)目展(zhan)映;
51.加強中(zhong)國—中(zhong)亞大眾傳(chuan)媒交流合(he)作;
52.積極踐行全球發展倡(chang)議(yi)、全球安全倡(chang)議(yi)和全球文明倡(chang)議(yi);
53.落實中國(guo)同中亞五國(guo)視頻(pin)峰會共識路線圖(2022-2025年);
54.2025年在哈(ha)薩(sa)克斯(si)坦(tan)舉(ju)辦第(di)二屆中國(guo)—中亞峰(feng)會(hui)。
二、中方倡議成立的多邊合作平臺
1.中(zhong)(zhong)國—中(zhong)(zhong)亞外長會晤機制;
2.中國—中亞經貿部長會議機(ji)制(zhi);
3.中(zhong)國—中(zhong)亞(ya)產業與投資部長級會晤機制;
4.中國—中亞農業部(bu)長會晤(wu)機制;
5.中國—中亞應(ying)急(ji)管理合(he)作機制;
6.中(zhong)國—中(zhong)亞交通部(bu)長(chang)會(hui)晤機(ji)制;
7.中國(guo)—中亞教育部長會議機(ji)制(zhi);
8.中國—中亞能(neng)源合作機(ji)制;
9.中(zhong)國—中(zhong)亞海關(guan)署(shu)長會晤機制(zhi);
10.中國—中亞政黨(dang)對話會;
11.中國—中亞行政院校(xiao)合作網絡;
12.中國—中亞實業家委(wei)員(yuan)會;
13.中國—中亞合作論壇;
14.中國—中亞地方合作論壇;
15.中國—中亞產(chan)業(ye)與投資(zi)合作(zuo)論壇(tan);
16.中(zhong)國—中(zhong)亞智庫論(lun)壇;
17.中國—中亞(ya)電子商務合作對話機制;
18.中國—中亞健康產業聯盟;
19.中國—中亞通訊(xun)社論壇。
三、峰會框架內的多邊合作文件
1.《中國(guo)—中亞峰會西安(an)宣言》;
2.《關于“中(zhong)國—中(zhong)亞五國”產(chan)業與投資合作(zuo)的(de)諒解備忘錄》;
3.《“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)—中(zhong)亞五(wu)國(guo)(guo)”經貿部門關于加強經貿合(he)作的諒解備忘錄(lu)》;
4.《“中國—中亞五國”經貿部門(men)關于數字(zi)貿易領域合(he)作的(de)諒解備(bei)忘錄》;
5.《“中國(guo)—中亞五(wu)國(guo)”相關部門關于推動基礎設(she)施和(he)工程建設(she)合(he)作發展(zhan)的諒(liang)解(jie)備忘錄》;
6.《“中國(guo)—中亞(ya)五國(guo)”農業部長會(hui)議(yi)機制諒解備忘錄》;
7.《“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)—中(zhong)(zhong)亞五國(guo)”海(hai)關署長會晤機制工作章程》;
8.《“中國(guo)—中亞五國(guo)”合作機制下動植(zhi)物檢疫(yi)主管(guan)機構間(jian)關于進出境動植(zhi)物檢疫(yi)技(ji)術合作諒解備忘錄》;
9.《關于成立中國—中亞實業家委員(yuan)會的諒解(jie)備忘錄》。